Diodes & RectifiersActive

1N4007

Manufacturer: Vishay

Figures from the datasheet: Vishay General Semiconductor 88503, rev. 29-Apr-2020, April 29, 2020

Vishay 1N4007 DO-41 rectifier with VRRM 1000 V maximum and IF(AV) 1 A at TA = 75°C, 9.5 mm leads and a 60 Hz resistive or inductive load.

PackagesDO-41
Official Datasheet (PDF)

Technical Overview

01

Technical Overview

The 1N4007 is the 1000 V peak reverse voltage rating member of the standard 1N4001 through 1N4007 series of 1.0 A axial leaded silicon rectifiers manufactured by Vishay General Semiconductor (Document 88503, Rev. 29-Apr-2020). Housed in a molded DO-204AL (DO-41) plastic package, it provides a maximum repetitive peak reverse voltage (VRRM) of 1000 V, a rated average forward rectified current IF(AV) of 1.0 A at TA = 75°C (with 9.5 mm lead length, 60 Hz resistive or inductive load), and a peak forward surge current capability (IFSM) of 30 A for an 8.3 ms single half-sine wave superimposed on rated load. Reverse recovery time is unspecified in the manufacturer datasheet; the device is intended for line-frequency (50 Hz and 60 Hz) AC power rectification, general-purpose DC power supply stages, reverse polarity blocking, and transient protective freewheeling in low-speed inductive clamp circuits.

Package Pinout & Alternate Functions

Interactive package pinout and pin mapping for DO-41-2.

Interactive pinout diagramTop

1N4007: DO-41 package illustrationInteractive package pinout and pin mapping for DO-41.1: K2: A

Package illustration, not a dimensioned mechanical drawing.

2 / 2 pins
#Pin nameType5V TolerantAlternate functions / details
Kpassive—
Cathode terminal, identified physically by the colored band on the epoxy body (CircuitBase pin 1 logical numbering convention).
Apassive—
Anode terminal (CircuitBase pin 2 logical numbering convention).

Key Specifications

Parametric attributes

ParameterMinTypicalMaxUnitTest condition
Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage(VRRM)——1000VRepetitive peak reverse voltage rating (p. 1)
Maximum RMS Voltage(VRMS)——700VRMS reverse voltage rating (p. 1)
Maximum DC Blocking Voltage(VDC)——1000VDC blocking voltage rating (p. 1)
Maximum Average Forward Rectified Current(IF_AV)——1ATA = 75°C, lead length l = 9.5 mm, 60 Hz resistive or inductive load (p. 1, Figure 1)
Peak Forward Surge Current 8.3ms Half Sine-Wave(IFSM_sine)——30A8.3 ms single half-sine wave superimposed on rated load, TA = 25°C (p. 1)
Non-Repetitive Peak Forward Surge Current 1ms Square(IFSM_square)——45ANon-repetitive square pulse tp = 1.0 ms, TA = 25°C (p. 1)
Maximum Instantaneous Forward Voltage Drop(VF)——1.1VIF = 1.0 A instantaneous, TA = 25°C (p. 2)
Maximum DC Reverse Leakage Current at Rated VDC(IR_25C)——5µARated DC blocking voltage VR = 1000 V, TA = 25°C (p. 2)
Maximum DC Reverse Leakage Current at 125°C(IR_125C)——50µARated DC blocking voltage VR = 1000 V, TA = 125°C (p. 2)
Typical Junction Capacitance(CJ)—15—pFVR = 4.0 V, f = 1.0 MHz, typical junction capacitance (p. 2)
Rating for Fusing(I2t)——3.7A²sBridge-rectifier application; rating for fusing, t < 8.3 ms (p. 1, note 1)
Operating Junction Temperature Range(T_J)-50—150°CAbsolute operating junction temperature range, not an ambient operating limit (p. 1)

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Storage temperature-50 – 150 °C
Thermal resistance θJA (DO-41)50 °C/W

Hardware Engineering Gotchas

Real-world hardware caveats, PCB layout constraints and silicon errata to know before manufacturing.

Critical

Unspecified Reverse Recovery Time in High-Frequency Switching Applications

The 1N4007 datasheet (Vishay 88503) does not specify or characterize reverse recovery time (trr). In hard-switched converters, high-frequency inverters, or fast PWM stages, using a standard-recovery rectifier can lead to high transient reverse currents during turn-off, generating substantial switching losses, electrical noise, and thermal stress on driving components.

Mitigation

For high-frequency switching converters or PWM topologies requiring defined fast recovery, select diodes with explicitly characterized recovery specifications matching the circuit operating voltage, current, and di/dt switching conditions.

Warning

Forward Conduction Losses and Lead-Length Thermal Mounting Conditions

At an instantaneous forward current of 1.0 A at TA = 25°C, maximum forward voltage drop is 1.1 V (p. 2), representing a calculated peak instantaneous conduction loss of 1.1 W. Typical RthJA = 50°C/W is specified for PCB mounting with 9.5 mm (0.375 in) lead length (p. 2). Figure 1 separately specifies 5 × 5 mm copper pads and a 60 Hz resistive or inductive load; under that illustrated setup, allowable average forward current decreases above TA = 75°C to zero at 150°C. Actual assembly thermal performance depends on mounting, airflow and duty cycle; the 150°C junction maximum is not a guaranteed ambient operating capability.

Mitigation

Provide adequate PCB copper area on both diode leads to facilitate heat conduction from the leads. In low-voltage applications where forward conduction loss is critical, consider low forward-drop diodes or active synchronous rectifiers evaluated for the required reverse voltage and thermal dissipation.

Note

Surge Current Limits and Inrush Waveform Qualifications

The 1N4007 peak forward surge rating (IFSM = 30 A, p. 1) is strictly qualified for an 8.3 ms single half-sine wave superimposed on rated load at TA = 25°C. A non-repetitive square pulse rating of 45 A is separately qualified for tp = 1.0 ms. The fusing rating I²t is 3.7 A²s for t < 8.3 ms in a bridge-rectifier application (p. 1, note 1). During initial power-up of rectifier circuits into uncharged filter capacitors, inrush current pulses must be evaluated against these specific pulse durations, waveforms, repetition rates, and thermal conditions, as pulses below 30 A are not automatically safe if repeated or of longer duration.

Mitigation

Calculate and verify peak inrush current, duration, and cumulative I²t against the datasheet limits under worst-case source impedance and voltage phase angle, implementing series impedance or inrush limiting where required by the design.

Reference Circuits

LM7805 5V Linear Voltage Regulator with Standard Decoupling

Topology: Output-to-input bypass for output-capacitor discharge current

Inspect schematicOpen in Web CAD Editor

LM317 Adjustable Linear Voltage Regulator

Topology: Output-to-input bypass for output-capacitor discharge current

Inspect schematicOpen in Web CAD Editor

±15 V Tracking Dual Supply (LM7815 / LM7915)

Topology: D1 and D2: output clamp diodes (1N4001 drawn; 1N4007 equivalent)

Inspect schematicOpen in Web CAD Editor

2N2222 / 2N2222A NPN BJT Relay Driver with 1N4007 Flyback Clamping Diode

Topology: Antiparallel inductive flyback clamp diode recirculating turn-off back-EMF coil current and clamping collector voltage to VCC + VF.

Inspect schematicOpen in Web CAD Editor

Official Documentation & Cited Datasheets

Primary semiconductor vendor datasheets, errata, and application notes.

DATASHEETVishay General Semiconductor

1N4001, 1N4002, 1N4003, 1N4004, 1N4005, 1N4006, 1N4007 General Purpose Plastic Rectifier

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