[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":683},["ShallowReactive",2],{"schematic:irlz44n-logic-level-low-side-switch:en":3},{"schematic":4,"title":19,"shortDescription":22,"proseSource":643,"localizationFallbackIssues":644,"related":645,"confirmations":644},{"schemaVersion":5,"governance":6,"slug":18,"title":19,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"shortDescription":22,"deepTechnicalOverview":23,"theoryOfOperation":24,"keySpecifications":25,"applications":53,"gotchas":58,"formulas":77,"bom":160,"interactiveElements":212,"circuitJson":309,"svg":642},"1.0",{"publication":7,"verification":10,"provenance":15},{"status":8,"publishedDate":9},"published","2026-11-03",{"status":11,"verifiedDate":9,"verifiedBy":12,"checklist":13},"verified","Gemini (AI documentary, CAD and hardware-localization review against Infineon Technologies IRLZ44NPbF datasheet Rev. 2.1 and Application Notes AN-937 & AN-944; owner publication authorization; no bench, simulation, independent second review or native-speaker claim)",{"schema":14,"technicalFacts":14,"relationships":14,"sources":14},true,{"sourceUrls":16},[17],"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.infineon.com\u002Fassets\u002Frow\u002Fpublic\u002Fdocuments\u002F24\u002F49\u002Finfineon-irlz44npbf-datasheet-en.pdf","irlz44n-logic-level-low-side-switch","IRLZ44N Logic-Level N-Channel MOSFET Low-Side DC Switch","microcontroller_interfaces","Tier 1","Discrete 12V\u002F24V low-side DC switch circuit driving high-current inductive and resistive loads with an Infineon IRLZ44NPbF logic-level MOSFET from 3.3V or 5V MCU logic.","This discrete low-side DC power switch interfaces a 3.3V or 5.0V microcontroller GPIO directly with high-current DC loads operating from a +12V DC power rail (scalable up to +50V DC). The circuit utilizes the Infineon Technologies IRLZ44NPbF N-channel logic-level HEXFET power MOSFET in a through-hole TO-220AB package. The MOSFET source is connected directly to system power ground (GND), while the drain pulls down the low side of the load (LOAD-). To ensure dependable operation and protect the driving microcontroller, a series gate damping resistor R1 (100 Ω 1%) dampens parasitic LC ringing between PCB trace inductance and the transistor input capacitance (Ciss = 1700 pF), while bounding transient gate charging current to under 33 mA at 3.3V and 50 mA at 5.0V. A gate pull-down resistor R2 (10 kΩ 1%) holds the gate solidly at 0V during microcontroller power-up, firmware reboot, or ISP flashing when GPIO pins float in a high-impedance tri-state condition. For inductive loads (such as DC motors, solenoids, relays, or electromagnetic valves), a fast flyback clamp diode D1 (1N4007) is placed directly across the load terminals in reverse polarity, safely recirculating inductive collapse current and clamping the drain voltage to +12V + VF (approx. 13.0V), safely below the MOSFET 55V drain-source breakdown rating (V(BR)DSS). Power supply integrity is preserved by parallel bulk electrolytic decoupling C1 (100 µF 50V) and ceramic high-frequency bypass C2 (100 nF 50V), suppressing supply droop and inductive kickback across the DC bus.","### 1. Circuit Topology and Low-Side Switching Architecture\nThe circuit is organized as an N-channel low-side power switch. The load (M1, representing a brushed DC motor, solenoid, or high-power LED array) connects between the positive DC supply rail (+12 V nominal) and the drain terminal of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 (Infineon IRLZ44NPbF). The source terminal of Q1 connects directly to system ground (GND). Because the source voltage is permanently referenced to 0 V, the gate-to-source drive voltage ($V_{GS}$) is identical to the gate terminal voltage ($V_G$), allowing direct drive from single-ended microcontroller logic outputs without requiring bootstrap floating gate drivers or high-side charge pumps.\n\n### 2. Phase 1: Default OFF State and Tri-State Reset Protection\nWhen the microcontroller GPIO is at logic LOW (0 V) or unpowered, pull-down resistor R2 (10 kΩ) ties the gate to ground. Because $V_{GS} = 0\\text{ V}$, which is well below the gate threshold voltage range ($V_{GS(th)} = 1.0\\dots 2.0\\text{ V}$), the inversion channel is completely closed. Drain cutoff leakage current is negligible ($I_{DSS} \\le 25\\ \\mu\\text{A}$ at $25^\\circ\\text{C}$), holding the load completely de-energized. During microcontroller bootloader execution, firmware reset, or ISP programming, GPIO pins default to high-impedance input mode; R2 prevents electrostatic charges or capacitive Miller coupling ($C_{gd}$) from unintentionally charging the gate into partial conduction.\n\n### 3. Phase 2: Logic Turn-On Transition and Gate Charge Dynamics\nWhen the microcontroller drives the GPIO pin HIGH (+3.3 V or +5.0 V), current flows through series damping resistor R1 (100 Ω) to charge the input capacitance ($C_{iss} = 1700\\text{ pF}$, total gate charge $Q_g = 48\\text{ nC}$ max at $V_{GS} = 5\\text{ V}$). Series resistor R1 limits the peak inrush current extracted from the microcontroller I\u002FO pin ($I_{peak} \\le 33\\text{ mA}$ at 3.3 V, $50\\text{ mA}$ at 5.0 V), preventing latch-up and internal output driver damage. As the gate voltage crosses the threshold voltage and traverses the flat Miller plateau ($V_{GP} \\approx 2.5\\dots 3.0\\text{ V}$), the drain-to-source voltage abruptly collapses to near ground, establishing full channel conduction.\n\n### 4. Phase 3: Saturated On-State Conduction and Low Dissipation\nWith a 5.0 V gate drive, the IRLZ44NPbF achieves a guaranteed on-resistance of $R_{DS(on)} \\le 25\\text{ m}\\Omega$ at $I_D = 25\\text{ A}$ ($T_J = 25^\\circ\\text{C}$). Even with a 3.3 V gate drive, the channel achieves an on-resistance under $35\\dots 40\\text{ m}\\Omega$ for moderate currents ($I_D \\le 10\\text{ A}$). For a continuous load current of $I_{LOAD} = 5.0\\text{ A}$, the static conduction drop across the transistor is only $V_{DS} = I_D \\cdot R_{DS(on)} = 5.0\\text{ A} \\times 0.025\\ \\Omega = 0.125\\text{ V}$, resulting in continuous power dissipation of $P_{cond} = I_D^2 \\cdot R_{DS(on)} = (5.0\\text{ A})^2 \\times 0.025\\ \\Omega = 0.625\\text{ W}$. This low dissipation allows continuous operation with minimal heatsinking.\n\n### 5. Phase 4: Inductive Turn-Off Dynamics and Flyback Diode Clamping\nWhen the microcontroller switches the control signal back to logic LOW, gate capacitance discharges through R1 and R2, pinching off the conduction channel. For inductive loads ($L$), interrupting the current causes an inductive back-EMF spike: $v_L = -L \\frac{di}{dt}$, forcing the drain voltage to rise violently above the positive supply rail. Flyback diode D1 (1N4007), connected antiparallel across the load with its cathode at +12 V and anode at the drain, becomes forward-biased as soon as $V_{drain} > V_{LOAD} + V_F$. The inductive current recirculates harmlessly through D1 and the load winding, clamping the peak drain voltage to approximately $+13.0\\text{ V}$ and safely preventing avalanche breakdown of the 55 V MOSFET.",[26,29,32,35,38,41,44,47,50],{"label":27,"value":28},"Load Supply Voltage (VLOAD)","+12.0 V DC nominal (+5.0 V to +50.0 V operating range)",{"label":30,"value":31},"Logic Control Voltage (VIN)","+3.3 V to +5.0 V CMOS \u002F TTL microcontroller logic",{"label":33,"value":34},"Continuous Drain Current (ID)","Up to 10 A continuous (chassis heatsink required above 4 A)",{"label":36,"value":37},"MOSFET On-Resistance (RDS(on))","≤ 25 mΩ at VGS = 5.0 V, ≤ 35 mΩ at VGS = 4.0 V (Infineon IRLZ44NPbF)",{"label":39,"value":40},"Gate Threshold Voltage (VGS(th))","1.0 V minimum to 2.0 V maximum (ID = 250 µA, VDS = VGS)",{"label":42,"value":43},"Series Gate Resistor (R1)","100 Ω 1% metal film (limits MCU inrush current and damps ringing)",{"label":45,"value":46},"Gate Pull-Down Resistor (R2)","10 kΩ 1% metal film (guarantees OFF state during MCU boot\u002Freset)",{"label":48,"value":49},"Flyback Clamp Diode (D1)","1N4007 (1000 V, 1.0 A continuous, 30 A surge rating)",{"label":51,"value":52},"Power Decoupling (C1, C2)","100 µF 50V electrolytic + 100 nF 50V X7R ceramic MLCC",[54,55,56,57],"Driving high-current brushed DC motors, linear actuators, and cooling fans from ESP32, Arduino, or Raspberry Pi GPIO pins","Switching 12V and 24V industrial solenoids, electromagnetic valves, and latching mechanisms","High-power PWM dimming of 12V\u002F24V constant-voltage LED lighting strips and architectural fixtures","Direct electronic control of automotive accessories, pumps, and resistive heating elements from low-voltage microcontrollers",[59,64,68,72],{"title":60,"trap":61,"solution":62,"severity":63},"Standard Vth MOSFET vs Logic-Level MOSFET Selection Trap (IRFZ44N vs IRLZ44N)","Substituting standard-threshold IRFZ44N in place of logic-level IRLZ44N. The IRFZ44N requires VGS = 10V to achieve low RDS(on); driven at 3.3V or 5V, it operates in the resistive linear region with high on-resistance, causing rapid thermal runaway and destruction under load.","Verify the part prefix: 'IRL' indicates logic-level gate drive with specified RDS(on) at 4V and 5V. For high currents at 3.3V logic, verify transfer characteristics or add a dedicated MOSFET gate driver buffer.","critical",{"title":65,"trap":66,"solution":67,"severity":63},"Floating Gate Voltage During Microcontroller Reset and Tri-State Boot","Omitting the 10 kΩ gate pull-down resistor leaves the high-impedance gate (>10^12 Ω) floating when MCU pins default to high-Z input mode during boot, reset, or flashing, allowing capacitive coupling to unintentionally energize the load.","Always install a 10 kΩ pull-down resistor directly between gate and source ground, placed physically close to the transistor terminals to minimize noise pickup.",{"title":69,"trap":70,"solution":71,"severity":63},"Destructive Inductive Back-EMF Avalanche Without Flyback Diode","Switching inductive loads (motors, solenoids, relays) without an antiparallel freewheeling clamp diode forces inductive collapse energy into the MOSFET, driving drain voltage into avalanche breakdown above 55V and destroying the silicon.","Always install a fast catch diode (such as 1N4007 or Schottky 1N5819) directly across the inductive load terminals with cathode to +VLOAD and anode to Drain, sized for the full load operating current.",{"title":73,"trap":74,"solution":75,"severity":76},"TO-220 Metal Mounting Tab Short-to-Ground Risk","The TO-220AB metal mounting tab is internally connected to Drain (Pin 2). In a low-side switch, the tab swings between 0V and +12V. Bolting the tab to a grounded metal chassis or common heatsink shorts the load return directly to ground, permanently energizing the load.","When mounting to a grounded heatsink or metal enclosure, always use an electrically insulating silicone or mica pad and an insulating shoulder washer around the mounting screw.","warning",[78,98,121,143],{"name":79,"latexOrText":80,"description":81,"variables":82},"Static Conduction Power Dissipation","P_{cond} = I_D^2 \\cdot R_{DS(on)}","Calculates the continuous static thermal dissipation across the conducting MOSFET channel as a function of load current and gate-overdrive on-resistance.",[83,88,93],{"symbol":84,"name":85,"typicalValue":86,"unit":87},"P_{cond}","Conduction Power Dissipation","0.625","W",{"symbol":89,"name":90,"typicalValue":91,"unit":92},"I_D","Continuous Drain Current","5.0","A",{"symbol":94,"name":95,"typicalValue":96,"unit":97},"R_{DS(on)}","Drain-Source On-State Resistance","0.025","Ω",{"name":99,"latexOrText":100,"description":101,"variables":102},"Peak Transient Gate Charging Current","I_{G,peak} = \\frac{V_{IN}}{R_1 + R_{drv}}","Determines the peak inrush current drawn from the microcontroller GPIO output during switching transitions to ensure safe operating limits.",[103,108,113,117],{"symbol":104,"name":105,"typicalValue":106,"unit":107},"I_{G,peak}","Peak Gate Charging Current","33","mA",{"symbol":109,"name":110,"typicalValue":111,"unit":112},"V_{IN}","Microcontroller Logic High Voltage","3.3","V",{"symbol":114,"name":115,"typicalValue":116,"unit":97},"R_1","Series Gate Damping Resistor","100",{"symbol":118,"name":119,"typicalValue":120,"unit":97},"R_{drv}","Internal GPIO Output Driver Resistance","25",{"name":122,"latexOrText":123,"description":124,"variables":125},"Free-Air Junction Temperature Rise","T_J = T_A + P_D \\cdot \\theta_{JA}","Estimates steady-state silicon junction temperature in ambient free air without an external heatsink to evaluate thermal safety margins.",[126,131,135,138],{"symbol":127,"name":128,"typicalValue":129,"unit":130},"T_J","Silicon Junction Temperature","63.75","°C",{"symbol":132,"name":133,"typicalValue":134,"unit":130},"T_A","Ambient Environmental Temperature","25.0",{"symbol":136,"name":137,"typicalValue":86,"unit":87},"P_D","Total Transistor Power Dissipation",{"symbol":139,"name":140,"typicalValue":141,"unit":142},"θ_{JA}","Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance","62.0","°C\u002FW",{"name":144,"latexOrText":145,"description":146,"variables":147},"Inductive Turn-Off Clamped Peak Voltage","V_{DS,peak} = V_{LOAD} + V_F","Calculates the maximum peak drain voltage clamped by the freewheeling flyback diode during inductive load turn-off transients.",[148,152,156],{"symbol":149,"name":150,"typicalValue":151,"unit":112},"V_{DS,peak}","Peak Clamped Drain Voltage","13.1",{"symbol":153,"name":154,"typicalValue":155,"unit":112},"V_{LOAD}","Load Supply Rail Voltage","12.0",{"symbol":157,"name":158,"typicalValue":159,"unit":112},"V_F","Flyback Diode Forward Voltage Drop","1.1",[161,170,177,183,191,198,205],{"refDes":162,"componentName":163,"value":164,"package":165,"quantity":166,"componentSlug":167,"role":168,"notes":169},"Q1","N-Channel Logic-Level Power MOSFET","IRLZ44NPbF","TO-220AB",1,"irlz44n","Low-Side High-Current Power Switch","Infineon Technologies 55V 47A logic-level HEXFET power MOSFET with RDS(on) \u003C= 25 mΩ at VGS = 5V.",{"refDes":171,"componentName":172,"value":173,"package":174,"quantity":166,"role":175,"notes":176},"R1","Gate Series Damping Resistor 100 Ω","100Ω","Axial \u002F 0805","Parasitic Ringing Suppression & Inrush Limiting","100 Ω 1% 0.25W metal film resistor damping gate ringing and limiting peak MCU GPIO current.",{"refDes":178,"componentName":179,"value":180,"package":174,"quantity":166,"role":181,"notes":182},"R2","Gate Pull-Down Resistor 10 kΩ","10kΩ","Tri-State Reset & Float Protection","10 kΩ 1% 0.25W metal film resistor holding gate at 0V during microcontroller boot and reset.",{"refDes":184,"componentName":185,"value":186,"package":187,"quantity":166,"componentSlug":188,"role":189,"notes":190},"D1","Inductive Flyback Clamp Diode","1N4007","DO-41","1n4007","Inductive Turn-Off Transient Suppression","1000V 1.0A standard recovery rectifier diode suppressing inductive turn-off voltage spikes.",{"refDes":192,"componentName":193,"value":194,"package":195,"quantity":166,"role":196,"notes":197},"M1","12V Brushed DC Motor","12V DC Motor","Chassis Mount","Switched Inductive Load","12V DC brushed motor load representing typical switched electromechanical inductive actuators.",{"refDes":199,"componentName":200,"value":201,"package":202,"quantity":166,"role":203,"notes":204},"C1","Bulk Power Decoupling Electrolytic Capacitor 100 µF","100µF","Radial CAN 8x11.5mm","DC Bus Voltage Stabilization","100 µF 50V low-ESR radial electrolytic capacitor absorbing transient inductive load current spikes.",{"refDes":206,"componentName":207,"value":208,"package":209,"quantity":166,"role":210,"notes":211},"C2","High-Frequency Ceramic Bypass Capacitor 100 nF","100nF","0805 \u002F Radial","High-Frequency Noise Suppression","100 nF 50V X7R ceramic capacitor bypassing high-frequency switching edges on DC power rail.",{"P1":213,"R1":224,"R2":232,"G1":237,"Q1":247,"D1":257,"M1":266,"C1":275,"C2":283,"P2":291,"G2":301},{"refDes":214,"name":215,"value":216,"role":217,"description":218,"footprint":219,"specs":220},"P1","Logic Drive Input Port","MCU_GPIO","Digital Logic Control Input","Connects to a 3.3V or 5.0V microcontroller output pin (e.g. ESP32, Arduino, STM32, Raspberry Pi) to switch the load ON and OFF.","Wire Terminal \u002F Pin Header",{"Signal Voltage":221,"Control Logic":222,"Peak Drive Current":223},"3.3 V to 5.0 V DC","Active-HIGH (1 = ON, 0 = OFF)","≤ 33 mA (at 3.3V) \u002F ≤ 50 mA (at 5.0V)",{"refDes":171,"name":225,"value":173,"role":175,"description":226,"footprint":227,"specs":228},"Gate Series Damping Resistor","Dampens high-frequency LC resonance between PCB trace inductance and gate capacitance Ciss, protecting the microcontroller I\u002FO pin.","Axial 0.25W \u002F SMD 0805",{"Resistance":229,"Tolerance":230,"Power Rating":231},"100 Ω","1%","0.25 W",{"refDes":178,"name":233,"value":180,"role":181,"description":234,"footprint":227,"specs":235},"Gate Pull-Down Resistor","Pulls the gate solidly to 0V when the microcontroller pin is in high-impedance input mode during reset, bootloader execution, or power-up.",{"Resistance":236,"Tolerance":230,"Power Rating":231},"10 kΩ",{"refDes":238,"name":239,"value":240,"role":241,"description":242,"footprint":243,"specs":244},"G1","Logic Ground Reference","GND","Gate Drive Return Path","Connects the gate pull-down resistor to system logic ground, ensuring a solid 0V baseline reference for gate voltage VGS.","System Ground Net",{"Potential":245,"Domain":246},"0.0 V","Logic \u002F Control Ground",{"refDes":162,"name":163,"value":164,"role":168,"description":248,"footprint":249,"specs":250},"Infineon logic-level HEXFET power MOSFET switching up to 10A continuous load current with low on-resistance from logic-level gate drive.","TO-220AB (Through-Hole)",{"V(BR)DSS":251,"RDS(on) at 5V":252,"RDS(on) at 4V":253,"Continuous ID":254,"Gate Threshold VGS(th)":255,"Total Gate Charge Qg":256},"55 V","≤ 25 mΩ","≤ 35 mΩ","47 A (at TC = 25°C)","1.0 V to 2.0 V","48 nC max",{"refDes":184,"name":258,"value":186,"role":189,"description":259,"footprint":260,"specs":261},"Flyback Catch \u002F Clamp Diode","Clamps inductive kickback spikes (V = -L di\u002Fdt) across the load winding to VLOAD + VF, preventing avalanche breakdown of the MOSFET.","DO-41 Through-Hole",{"Peak Repetitive Reverse Voltage":262,"Average Rectified Current":263,"Peak Forward Surge Current":264,"Forward Voltage Drop":265},"1000 V","1.0 A","30 A","≤ 1.1 V at 1.0 A",{"refDes":192,"name":267,"value":194,"role":268,"description":269,"footprint":270,"specs":271},"12V DC Motor \u002F Actuator Load","Switched Switched Inductive Load","12V DC motor or inductive actuator energized by the low-side switch when Q1 gate is driven HIGH.","Chassis Mount \u002F 2-Pin Terminal",{"Operating Voltage":272,"Nominal Operating Current":273,"Load Type":274},"+12.0 V DC","1.0 A to 5.0 A","Inductive \u002F Electromechanical",{"refDes":199,"name":276,"value":277,"role":203,"description":278,"footprint":202,"specs":279},"Bulk Power Decoupling Electrolytic","100µF 50V","Filters low-frequency transient current spikes drawn by the load during switching, preventing supply voltage dips.",{"Capacitance":280,"Voltage Rating":281,"Tolerance":282},"100 µF","50 V DC","±20%",{"refDes":206,"name":284,"value":285,"role":210,"description":286,"footprint":287,"specs":288},"High-Frequency Ceramic Bypass MLCC","100nF 50V","Shunts high-frequency switching noise and ringing transients directly to ground right at the power rail.","0805 SMD \u002F Radial Ceramic",{"Capacitance":289,"Voltage Rating":281,"Dielectric":290},"100 nF (0.1 µF)","X7R",{"refDes":292,"name":293,"value":294,"role":295,"description":296,"footprint":297,"specs":298},"P2","Positive Load Power Rail","+12V","Main DC Power Source","+12V DC power supply rail delivering operating energy to the switched load and flyback clamp loop.","Power Supply Terminal",{"Nominal Voltage":272,"Maximum Rating":299,"Domain":300},"50.0 V DC","Switched Power Bus",{"refDes":302,"name":303,"value":240,"role":304,"description":305,"footprint":306,"specs":307},"G2","Power Star Ground Port","High-Current Return & Ground Reference","Heavy star-ground node returning load current from Q1 Source directly to the power supply without flowing through logic traces.","Power Ground Net",{"Potential":245,"Domain":308},"Power Ground (Star Point)",{"schemaVersion":310,"id":311,"meta":312,"components":318,"nets":408,"junctions":457,"netLabels":481,"wires":482},"1.5","schematic-irlz44n-logic-level-low-side-switch",{"title":19,"locale":313,"grid":314,"source":315},"en",20,{"type":316,"ref":317,"url":17},"datasheet","Infineon Technologies IRLZ44NPbF Datasheet Rev. 2.1 & Application Note AN-937 \u002F AN-944",[319,327,336,344,351,358,369,379,389,397,403],{"id":320,"symbolId":321,"refDes":214,"position":322,"rotation":325,"properties":326},"comp_p1","port.input",{"x":323,"y":324},80,280,0,{"value":216},{"id":328,"symbolId":329,"refDes":171,"position":330,"rotation":325,"properties":332},"comp_r1","resistor.iec",{"x":331,"y":324},320,{"value":173,"package":174,"tolerance":230,"powerRating":333,"mpn":334,"manufacturer":335},"0.25W","MFR-25FTE52-100R","Yageo",{"id":337,"symbolId":329,"refDes":178,"position":338,"rotation":341,"properties":342},"comp_r2",{"x":339,"y":340},260,340,90,{"value":180,"package":174,"tolerance":230,"powerRating":333,"mpn":343,"manufacturer":335},"MFR-25FTE52-10K",{"id":345,"symbolId":346,"refDes":238,"position":347,"rotation":325,"properties":350},"comp_g1","gnd.port",{"x":348,"y":349},220,440,{},{"id":352,"symbolId":353,"refDes":162,"position":354,"rotation":325,"properties":355,"catalogRef":357},"comp_q1","mosfet.nchannel",{"x":349,"y":339},{"value":164,"package":165,"mpn":164,"manufacturer":356},"Infineon Technologies",{"slug":167,"mpn":164},{"id":359,"symbolId":360,"refDes":184,"position":361,"rotation":364,"properties":365,"catalogRef":368},"comp_d1","diode.standard",{"x":362,"y":363},380,180,270,{"value":186,"package":187,"mpn":366,"manufacturer":367},"1N4007-TP","Micro Commercial Co",{"slug":188,"mpn":366},{"id":370,"symbolId":371,"refDes":192,"position":372,"rotation":341,"properties":375},"comp_m1","motor.dc",{"x":373,"y":374},540,100,{"value":194,"voltageRating":376,"package":195,"mpn":377,"manufacturer":378},"12V DC","RS-550","Generic",{"id":380,"symbolId":381,"refDes":199,"position":382,"rotation":341,"properties":385},"comp_c1","capacitor.electrolytic",{"x":383,"y":384},660,140,{"value":201,"voltageRating":386,"package":202,"mpn":387,"manufacturer":388},"50V","EEU-FC1H101","Panasonic",{"id":390,"symbolId":391,"refDes":206,"position":392,"rotation":341,"properties":394},"comp_c2","capacitor.ceramic",{"x":393,"y":384},740,{"value":208,"voltageRating":386,"package":209,"mpn":395,"manufacturer":396},"C0805C104K5RACTU","KEMET",{"id":398,"symbolId":399,"refDes":292,"position":400,"rotation":325,"properties":402},"comp_p2","vcc.port",{"x":401,"y":325},500,{"value":294},{"id":404,"symbolId":346,"refDes":302,"position":405,"rotation":325,"properties":407},"comp_g2",{"x":401,"y":406},420,{},[409,418,426,436,445],{"id":410,"name":216,"class":411,"pins":412},"net_gate_in","signal",[413,415,417],{"component":320,"pin":414},"out",{"component":337,"pin":416},"1",{"component":328,"pin":416},{"id":419,"name":420,"class":411,"pins":421},"net_gate_sw","GATE",[422,424],{"component":328,"pin":423},"2",{"component":352,"pin":425},"g",{"id":427,"name":294,"class":428,"pins":429},"net_vload","power",[430,431,433,434,435],{"component":398,"pin":414},{"component":359,"pin":432},"k",{"component":370,"pin":416},{"component":380,"pin":416},{"component":390,"pin":416},{"id":437,"name":438,"class":411,"pins":439},"net_drain","DRAIN",[440,442,443],{"component":359,"pin":441},"a",{"component":370,"pin":423},{"component":352,"pin":444},"d",{"id":446,"name":240,"class":447,"pins":448},"net_gnd","ground",[449,450,452,454,455,456],{"component":337,"pin":423},{"component":345,"pin":451},"in",{"component":352,"pin":453},"s",{"component":380,"pin":423},{"component":390,"pin":423},{"component":404,"pin":451},[458,463,468,472,475,478],{"id":459,"netId":410,"position":460},"j_gate",{"x":461,"y":462},240,300,{"id":464,"netId":427,"position":465},"j_vload_m1",{"x":466,"y":467},520,60,{"id":469,"netId":427,"position":470},"j_vload_c1",{"x":471,"y":467},640,{"id":473,"netId":437,"position":474},"j_drain",{"x":466,"y":348},{"id":476,"netId":446,"position":477},"j_gnd_main",{"x":466,"y":362},{"id":479,"netId":446,"position":480},"j_gnd_c1",{"x":471,"y":362},[],[483,491,499,507,516,524,532,540,549,558,566,575,583,591,601,609,617,625,633],{"id":484,"netId":410,"endpoints":485,"path":488},"w_p1_to_jgate",[486,487],{"component":320,"pin":414},{"junctionId":459},[489,490],{"x":384,"y":462},{"x":461,"y":462},{"id":492,"netId":410,"endpoints":493,"path":496},"w_jgate_to_r1",[494,495],{"junctionId":459},{"component":328,"pin":416},[497,498],{"x":461,"y":462},{"x":331,"y":462},{"id":500,"netId":410,"endpoints":501,"path":504},"w_jgate_to_r2",[502,503],{"junctionId":459},{"component":337,"pin":416},[505,506],{"x":461,"y":462},{"x":461,"y":340},{"id":508,"netId":419,"endpoints":509,"path":512},"w_r1_to_q1_g",[510,511],{"component":328,"pin":423},{"component":352,"pin":425},[513,515],{"x":514,"y":462},400,{"x":349,"y":462},{"id":517,"netId":446,"endpoints":518,"path":521},"w_r2_to_g1",[519,520],{"component":337,"pin":423},{"component":345,"pin":451},[522,523],{"x":461,"y":406},{"x":461,"y":349},{"id":525,"netId":437,"endpoints":526,"path":529},"w_q1_d_to_jdrain",[527,528],{"component":352,"pin":444},{"junctionId":473},[530,531],{"x":466,"y":339},{"x":466,"y":348},{"id":533,"netId":437,"endpoints":534,"path":537},"w_jdrain_to_m1_2",[535,536],{"junctionId":473},{"component":370,"pin":423},[538,539],{"x":466,"y":348},{"x":466,"y":363},{"id":541,"netId":437,"endpoints":542,"path":545},"w_jdrain_to_d1_a",[543,544],{"junctionId":473},{"component":359,"pin":441},[546,547,548],{"x":466,"y":348},{"x":514,"y":348},{"x":514,"y":363},{"id":550,"netId":427,"endpoints":551,"path":554},"w_p2_to_jvload_m1",[552,553],{"component":398,"pin":414},{"junctionId":464},[555,557],{"x":466,"y":556},40,{"x":466,"y":467},{"id":559,"netId":427,"endpoints":560,"path":563},"w_jvload_m1_to_m1_1",[561,562],{"junctionId":464},{"component":370,"pin":416},[564,565],{"x":466,"y":467},{"x":466,"y":374},{"id":567,"netId":427,"endpoints":568,"path":571},"w_jvload_m1_to_d1_k",[569,570],{"junctionId":464},{"component":359,"pin":432},[572,573,574],{"x":466,"y":467},{"x":514,"y":467},{"x":514,"y":374},{"id":576,"netId":427,"endpoints":577,"path":580},"w_jvload_m1_to_jvload_c1",[578,579],{"junctionId":464},{"junctionId":469},[581,582],{"x":466,"y":467},{"x":471,"y":467},{"id":584,"netId":427,"endpoints":585,"path":588},"w_jvload_c1_to_c1_1",[586,587],{"junctionId":469},{"component":380,"pin":416},[589,590],{"x":471,"y":467},{"x":471,"y":384},{"id":592,"netId":427,"endpoints":593,"path":596},"w_jvload_c1_to_c2_1",[594,595],{"junctionId":469},{"component":390,"pin":416},[597,598,600],{"x":471,"y":467},{"x":599,"y":467},720,{"x":599,"y":384},{"id":602,"netId":446,"endpoints":603,"path":606},"w_q1_s_to_jgnd_main",[604,605],{"component":352,"pin":453},{"junctionId":476},[607,608],{"x":466,"y":340},{"x":466,"y":362},{"id":610,"netId":446,"endpoints":611,"path":614},"w_jgnd_main_to_g2",[612,613],{"junctionId":476},{"component":404,"pin":451},[615,616],{"x":466,"y":362},{"x":466,"y":406},{"id":618,"netId":446,"endpoints":619,"path":622},"w_jgnd_main_to_jgnd_c1",[620,621],{"junctionId":476},{"junctionId":479},[623,624],{"x":466,"y":362},{"x":471,"y":362},{"id":626,"netId":446,"endpoints":627,"path":630},"w_c1_2_to_jgnd_c1",[628,629],{"component":380,"pin":423},{"junctionId":479},[631,632],{"x":471,"y":348},{"x":471,"y":362},{"id":634,"netId":446,"endpoints":635,"path":638},"w_c2_2_to_jgnd_c1",[636,637],{"component":390,"pin":423},{"junctionId":479},[639,640,641],{"x":599,"y":348},{"x":599,"y":362},{"x":471,"y":362},"\u003Csvg xmlns=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F2000\u002Fsvg\" viewBox=\"71 -42.4 723.25 551\" width=\"723.25\" height=\"551\" role=\"img\">\u003Ctitle>IRLZ44N Logic-Level N-Channel MOSFET Low-Side DC Switch\u003C\u002Ftitle>\u003Cdesc>Exported from CircuitBase\u003C\u002Fdesc>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"140,300 240,300\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"240,300 320,300\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"240,300 240,340\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"400,300 440,300\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"240,420 240,440\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"520,260 520,220\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"520,220 520,180\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"520,220 400,220 400,180\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"520,40 520,60\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"520,60 520,100\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"520,60 400,60 400,100\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"520,60 640,60\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"640,60 640,140\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"640,60 720,60 720,140\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"520,340 520,380\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"520,380 520,420\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"520,380 640,380\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"640,220 640,380\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cpolyline data-kind=\"wire\" points=\"720,220 720,380 640,380\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\u002F>\u003Cg class=\"comp-interactive\" data-refdes=\"P1\" id=\"elem-p1\" cursor=\"pointer\">\u003Cg transform=\"translate(80,280) rotate(0)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\u003Crect x=\"-4\" y=\"-4\" width=\"68\" height=\"48\" fill=\"transparent\" stroke=\"transparent\" pointer-events=\"all\"\u002F>\u003Cpolygon points=\"12,8 46,8 60,20 46,32 12,32\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Ctext x=\"116\" y=\"336.4\" text-anchor=\"middle\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">MCU_GPIO\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"comp-interactive\" data-refdes=\"R1\" id=\"elem-r1\" cursor=\"pointer\">\u003Cg transform=\"translate(320,280) rotate(0)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\u003Crect x=\"-4\" y=\"-4\" width=\"88\" height=\"48\" fill=\"transparent\" stroke=\"transparent\" pointer-events=\"all\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"0\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"20\" y2=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Crect x=\"20\" y=\"12\" width=\"40\" height=\"16\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"60\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"80\" y2=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Ctext x=\"360\" y=\"278.4\" text-anchor=\"middle\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">R1\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003Ctext x=\"360\" y=\"332.4\" text-anchor=\"middle\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">100Ω\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"comp-interactive\" data-refdes=\"R2\" id=\"elem-r2\" cursor=\"pointer\">\u003Cg transform=\"translate(260,340) rotate(90)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\u003Crect x=\"-4\" y=\"-4\" width=\"88\" height=\"48\" fill=\"transparent\" stroke=\"transparent\" pointer-events=\"all\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"0\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"20\" y2=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Crect x=\"20\" y=\"12\" width=\"40\" height=\"16\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"60\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"80\" y2=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Ctext x=\"258\" y=\"376.4\" text-anchor=\"start\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">R2\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003Ctext x=\"258\" y=\"394.4\" text-anchor=\"start\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">10kΩ\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"comp-interactive\" data-refdes=\"G1\" id=\"elem-g1\" cursor=\"pointer\">\u003Cg transform=\"translate(220,440) rotate(0)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\u003Crect x=\"-4\" y=\"-4\" width=\"48\" height=\"38\" fill=\"transparent\" stroke=\"transparent\" pointer-events=\"all\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"20\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"20\" y2=\"10\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"6\" y1=\"10\" x2=\"34\" y2=\"10\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"10\" y1=\"16\" x2=\"30\" y2=\"16\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"14\" y1=\"22\" x2=\"26\" y2=\"22\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Ctext x=\"240\" y=\"486.4\" text-anchor=\"middle\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">GND\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"comp-interactive\" data-refdes=\"Q1\" id=\"elem-q1\" cursor=\"pointer\">\u003Cg transform=\"translate(440,260) rotate(0)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\u003Crect x=\"-4\" y=\"-4\" width=\"88\" height=\"88\" fill=\"transparent\" stroke=\"transparent\" pointer-events=\"all\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"0\" y1=\"40\" x2=\"28\" y2=\"40\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"32\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"32\" y2=\"60\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"55\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"55\" y2=\"60\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"55\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"80\" y2=\"0\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"55\" y1=\"60\" x2=\"80\" y2=\"80\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Ctext x=\"530\" y=\"296.4\" text-anchor=\"start\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">Q1\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003Ctext x=\"530\" y=\"314.4\" text-anchor=\"start\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">IRLZ44NPbF\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"comp-interactive\" data-refdes=\"D1\" id=\"elem-d1\" cursor=\"pointer\">\u003Cg transform=\"translate(380,180) rotate(270)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\u003Crect x=\"-4\" y=\"-4\" width=\"88\" height=\"48\" fill=\"transparent\" stroke=\"transparent\" pointer-events=\"all\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"0\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"25\" y2=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cpolygon points=\"25,6 25,34 55,20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"58\" y1=\"6\" x2=\"58\" y2=\"34\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"58\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"80\" y2=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Ctext x=\"424\" y=\"134.9\" text-anchor=\"start\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">D1\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003Ctext x=\"424\" y=\"152.9\" text-anchor=\"start\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">1N4007\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"comp-interactive\" data-refdes=\"M1\" id=\"elem-m1\" cursor=\"pointer\">\u003Cg transform=\"translate(540,100) rotate(90)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\u003Crect x=\"-4\" y=\"-4\" width=\"88\" height=\"48\" fill=\"transparent\" stroke=\"transparent\" pointer-events=\"all\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"0\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"20\" y2=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"60\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"80\" y2=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Ccircle cx=\"40\" cy=\"20\" r=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Ctext x=\"40\" y=\"23\" text-anchor=\"middle\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">M\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003Cline x1=\"33\" y1=\"28\" x2=\"47\" y2=\"28\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Ctext x=\"550\" y=\"136.4\" text-anchor=\"start\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">M1\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003Ctext x=\"550\" y=\"154.4\" text-anchor=\"start\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">12V DC Motor\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"comp-interactive\" data-refdes=\"C1\" id=\"elem-c1\" cursor=\"pointer\">\u003Cg transform=\"translate(660,140) rotate(90)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\u003Crect x=\"-4\" y=\"-4\" width=\"88\" height=\"48\" fill=\"transparent\" stroke=\"transparent\" pointer-events=\"all\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"0\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"32\" y2=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"32\" y1=\"6\" x2=\"32\" y2=\"34\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"48\" y1=\"6\" x2=\"48\" y2=\"34\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"48\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"80\" y2=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Ctext x=\"24\" y=\"12\" text-anchor=\"middle\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">+\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Ctext x=\"664\" y=\"172.4\" text-anchor=\"start\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">C1\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003Ctext x=\"664\" y=\"190.4\" text-anchor=\"start\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">100µF\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"comp-interactive\" data-refdes=\"C2\" id=\"elem-c2\" cursor=\"pointer\">\u003Cg transform=\"translate(740,140) rotate(90)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\u003Crect x=\"-4\" y=\"-4\" width=\"88\" height=\"48\" fill=\"transparent\" stroke=\"transparent\" pointer-events=\"all\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"0\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"32\" y2=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"32\" y1=\"6\" x2=\"32\" y2=\"34\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"48\" y1=\"6\" x2=\"48\" y2=\"34\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"48\" y1=\"20\" x2=\"80\" y2=\"20\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Ctext x=\"744\" y=\"176.4\" text-anchor=\"start\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">C2\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003Ctext x=\"744\" y=\"194.4\" text-anchor=\"start\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">100nF\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"comp-interactive\" data-refdes=\"P2\" id=\"elem-p2\" cursor=\"pointer\">\u003Cg transform=\"translate(500,0) rotate(0)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\u003Crect x=\"-4\" y=\"-4\" width=\"48\" height=\"48\" fill=\"transparent\" stroke=\"transparent\" pointer-events=\"all\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"20\" y1=\"40\" x2=\"20\" y2=\"10\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"8\" y1=\"10\" x2=\"32\" y2=\"10\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Ctext x=\"20\" y=\"0\" text-anchor=\"middle\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">VCC\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Ctext x=\"520\" y=\"-13.6\" text-anchor=\"middle\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">+12V\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"comp-interactive\" data-refdes=\"G2\" id=\"elem-g2\" cursor=\"pointer\">\u003Cg transform=\"translate(500,420) rotate(0)\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\u003Crect x=\"-4\" y=\"-4\" width=\"48\" height=\"38\" fill=\"transparent\" stroke=\"transparent\" pointer-events=\"all\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"20\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"20\" y2=\"10\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"6\" y1=\"10\" x2=\"34\" y2=\"10\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"10\" y1=\"16\" x2=\"30\" y2=\"16\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Cline x1=\"14\" y1=\"22\" x2=\"26\" y2=\"22\" fill=\"none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Ctext x=\"520\" y=\"466.4\" text-anchor=\"middle\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">GND\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Ccircle data-kind=\"junction\" cx=\"240\" cy=\"300\" r=\"4.5\" fill=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Ccircle data-kind=\"junction\" cx=\"520\" cy=\"60\" r=\"4.5\" fill=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Ccircle data-kind=\"junction\" cx=\"640\" cy=\"60\" r=\"4.5\" fill=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Ccircle data-kind=\"junction\" cx=\"520\" cy=\"220\" r=\"4.5\" fill=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Ccircle data-kind=\"junction\" cx=\"520\" cy=\"380\" r=\"4.5\" fill=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke=\"none\"\u002F>\u003Ccircle data-kind=\"junction\" cx=\"640\" cy=\"380\" r=\"4.5\" fill=\"#2e2e2c\" stroke=\"none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fsvg>","canonical",null,[646,662,672],{"slug":647,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"supplyVoltage":648,"voltageSpecification":652,"signalDomain":656,"breadboardFriendly":14,"title":657,"shortDescription":658,"bomCount":659,"formulaCount":660,"search":661},"2n2222-relay-driver-flyback-protection",[649,650,651],"3.3v","5v","12v",{"kind":653,"value":654,"label":655},"supply","+12.0 V DC nominal (+10.8 V to +13.2 V operating range)","Relay Supply Voltage (VLOAD)","digital","2N2222 \u002F 2N2222A NPN BJT Relay Driver with 1N4007 Flyback Clamping Diode","Discrete NPN bipolar junction transistor low-side relay driver circuit with 1N4007 flyback suppression diode, base saturation drive, and supply decoupling for 3.3V\u002F5V MCU control.",7,4,"2n2222 \u002F 2n2222a npn bjt relay driver with 1n4007 flyback clamping diode\ndiscrete npn bipolar junction transistor low-side relay driver circuit with 1n4007 flyback suppression diode, base saturation drive, and supply decoupling for 3.3v\u002F5v mcu control.\n2n2222 \u002F 2n2222a npn bjt relay driver with 1n4007 flyback clamping diode\ndiscrete npn bipolar junction transistor low-side relay driver circuit with 1n4007 flyback suppression diode, base saturation drive, and supply decoupling for 3.3v\u002F5v mcu control.\n2n2222 \u002F 2n2222a npn bjt relay driver with 1n4007 flyback clamping diode\ndiscrete npn bipolar junction transistor low-side relay driver circuit with 1n4007 flyback suppression diode, base saturation drive, and supply decoupling for 3.3v\u002F5v mcu control.\nmicrocontroller_interfaces\nnpn general purpose bipolar transistor\n2n2222a\nq1\ngeneral purpose rectifier \u002F clamp diode\n1n4007\nd1\nsubminiature spdt signal \u002F power relay\ng5v-1-dc12\nk1\nbase current-limiting resistor 1 kω\n1kω\nr1\nbase pull-down bleeder resistor 10 kω\n10kω\nr2\nhigh-frequency ceramic decoupling mlcc\n100nf 50v\nc1\nbulk aluminum electrolytic decoupling\n47µf 25v\nc2",{"slug":663,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"supplyVoltage":664,"voltageSpecification":665,"signalDomain":656,"breadboardFriendly":14,"title":668,"shortDescription":669,"bomCount":670,"formulaCount":660,"search":671},"bss138-bidirectional-i2c-level-shifter",[649,650],{"kind":653,"value":666,"label":667},"+3.3 V DC nominal (+1.65 V to +3.6 V operating range)","Low-Voltage Supply (VDD1)","BSS138 Bidirectional I2C 3.3V to 5V Level Shifter","Bidirectional I2C bus voltage level translator interfacing 3.3V and 5V logic domains using two onsemi BSS138 N-channel MOSFETs with pull-up resistors and decoupled supplies.",8,"bss138 bidirectional i2c 3.3v to 5v level shifter\nbidirectional i2c bus voltage level translator interfacing 3.3v and 5v logic domains using two onsemi bss138 n-channel mosfets with pull-up resistors and decoupled supplies.\nbss138 bidirectional i2c 3.3v to 5v level shifter\nbidirectional i2c bus voltage level translator interfacing 3.3v and 5v logic domains using two onsemi bss138 n-channel mosfets with pull-up resistors and decoupled supplies.\nbss138 bidirectional i2c 3.3v to 5v level shifter\nbidirectional i2c bus voltage level translator interfacing 3.3v and 5v logic domains using two onsemi bss138 n-channel mosfets with pull-up resistors and decoupled supplies.\nmicrocontroller_interfaces\nn-channel logic-level mosfet\nbss138\nq1\nn-channel logic-level mosfet\nbss138\nq2\nsmd chip resistor\n10kω\nr1\nsmd chip resistor\n10kω\nr2\nsmd chip resistor\n10kω\nr3\nsmd chip resistor\n10kω\nr4\nmultilayer ceramic capacitor\n100nf\nc1\nmultilayer ceramic capacitor\n100nf\nc2",{"slug":673,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"supplyVoltage":674,"voltageSpecification":675,"signalDomain":656,"breadboardFriendly":14,"title":679,"shortDescription":680,"bomCount":670,"formulaCount":681,"search":682},"esp32-auto-reset-flashing-circuit",[649],{"kind":676,"value":677,"label":678},"logic","3.3 V (VDD33 on the DevKitC V4)","Operating Logic Level","ESP32 Auto-Reset & Boot Flashing Circuit","Dual-transistor auto-download circuit driving ESP32 EN and IO0 boot strapping pins via USB-to-UART DTR and RTS lines.",3,"esp32 auto-reset and boot circuit (dtr\u002Frts)\nthe two-transistor circuit from espressif development boards that lets esptool, arduino ide and platformio reset an esp32 and start its serial bootloader through the dtr and rts lines of a usb-to-uart bridge, with no buttons pressed.\nesp32 auto-reset & boot flashing circuit\ndual-transistor auto-download circuit driving esp32 en and io0 boot strapping pins via usb-to-uart dtr and rts lines.\nesp32 auto-reset and boot circuit (dtr\u002Frts)\nthe two-transistor circuit from espressif development boards that lets esptool, arduino ide and platformio reset an esp32 and start its serial bootloader through the dtr and rts lines of a usb-to-uart bridge, with no buttons pressed.\nmicrocontroller_interfaces\nnpn small-signal transistor\n2n3904\nq1\nnpn small-signal transistor\n2n3904\nq2\nresistor\n10kω\nr1\nresistor\n10kω\nr2\nresistor\n10kω\nr3\nceramic capacitor\n1µf\nc1\ntactile switch\nboot\nsw1\ntactile switch\nen\nsw2",1793836430185]