[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1003},["ShallowReactive",2],{"schematic:l293d-dual-h-bridge-dc-motor-driver:pt":3},{"schematic":4,"title":19,"shortDescription":22,"proseSource":963,"localizationFallbackIssues":964,"related":965,"confirmations":964},{"schemaVersion":5,"governance":6,"slug":18,"title":19,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"shortDescription":22,"deepTechnicalOverview":23,"theoryOfOperation":24,"keySpecifications":25,"applications":50,"gotchas":55,"formulas":74,"bom":169,"interactiveElements":218,"circuitJson":363,"svg":961,"relatedComponentSlugs":962},"1.0",{"publication":7,"verification":10,"provenance":15},{"status":8,"publishedDate":9},"published","2026-11-03",{"status":11,"verifiedDate":9,"verifiedBy":12,"checklist":13},"verified","Gemini (AI documentary, CAD and hardware-localization review against Texas Instruments SLRS008D Rev. D January 2016; owner publication authorization; no bench, simulation, independent second review or native-speaker claim)",{"schema":14,"technicalFacts":14,"relationships":14,"sources":14},true,{"sourceUrls":16},[17],"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ti.com\u002Flit\u002Fds\u002Fsymlink\u002Fl293d.pdf","l293d-dual-h-bridge-dc-motor-driver","Controlador de motores DC com ponte H dupla L293D","microcontroller_interfaces","Tier 1","Esquema completo de driver bidirecional duplo para motores DC usando o CI de quatro meias pontes H TI L293D com controle independente de PWM e sentido.","O esquema de driver de motores DC com ponte H dupla L293D fornece controle bidirecional independente de velocidade e direção para dois motores DC de escovas ou um motor de passo bipolar de 4 fios. Operando com linhas de alimentação duplas, ele separa a lógica digital de baixo ruído de 5V do microcontrolador (VCC1) das linhas indutivas de maior tensão de 4.5V a 36V para motores (VCC2). Cada ponte H completa consiste em dois canais push-pull com diodos de fixação de alta velocidade (flyback) integrados no chip para suprimir picos indutivos durante o chaveamento PWM e reversões bruscas. O driver integra desligamento térmico e proteção interna contra condução cruzada, enquanto capacitores cerâmicos externos (C4, C5) colocados diretamente nos terminais do motor atenuam o faiscamento de escovas e a interferência eletromagnética.","### 1. Topologia de estágio de saída em ponte H dupla e condução Darlington bipolar\nCada canal de meia ponte H em U1 emprega um par de transistores pull-up Darlington NPN e um transistor pull-down NPN em emissor comum. Ao conduzir um terminal do motor para nível ALTO (HIGH), a corrente flui de VCC2 através do par Darlington superior para a carga. Devido às duas junções base-emissor e coletor-emissor em série na estrutura Darlington, a queda de tensão de saturação do lado alto varia entre 1.2V e 1.8V. Simultaneamente, o transistor pull-down do lado oposto drena a corrente para o terra com uma queda de 1.0V a 1.5V. Como resultado, a tensão efetiva entregue ao motor é reduzida pela perda acumulada de dois transistores em saturação:\n\n$$V_{M} = V_{CC2} - V_{CE(sat,high)} - V_{CE(sat,low)} \\approx V_{CC2} - 2.6\\text{V}$$\n\n### 2. Matriz lógica de direção e comutação bidirecional\nO Motor 1 está conectado diferencialmente entre os pinos de saída 1Y (Pino 3) e 2Y (Pino 6). O sentido de rotação é definido por níveis lógicos TTL complementares nas entradas 1A (Pino 2) e 2A (Pino 7) com o pino de habilitação 1,2EN (Pino 1) em nível ALTO:\n- Rotação para frente: 1A = HIGH e 2A = LOW colocam 1Y em nível ALTO (~VCC2 - 1.4V) e 2Y em nível BAIXO (~1.2V), estabelecendo um fluxo de corrente para frente do Pino 3 para o Pino 6.\n- Rotação reversa: 1A = LOW e 2A = HIGH invertem a polaridade nos terminais e o sentido de rotação do motor.\n- Frenagem dinâmica ativa: níveis idênticos em ambas as entradas (1A = HIGH, 2A = HIGH ou 1A = LOW, 2A = LOW) conectam os terminais do motor ao mesmo potencial, dissipando a força contraeletromotriz e desacelerando o rotor com rapidez.\n\n### 3. Controle de velocidade por modulação por largura de pulso (PWM) e marcha livre\nA regulação contínua do torque e da velocidade é realizada injetando um sinal PWM digital no pino de habilitação 1,2EN (Motor 1) ou 3,4EN (Motor 2) com frequências típicas de 1 kHz a 10 kHz. Quando o pino de habilitação passa para nível BAIXO, ambas as saídas push-pull entram em estado de alta impedância (Hi-Z), desconectando o motor de VCC2 e do terra. O motor gira por inércia enquanto as correntes residuais circulam através dos diodos internos. A tensão média efetiva entregue é proporcional ao ciclo de trabalho:\n\n$$V_{avg} = D \\cdot (V_{CC2} - 2.6\\text{V}) = \\frac{t_{on}}{T} \\cdot (V_{CC2} - 2.6\\text{V})$$\n\n### 4. Diodos de fixação internos e supressão de picos indutivos\nOs motores DC de ímã permanente apresentam uma indutância de enrolamento L. Quando os transistores de chaveamento abrem abruptamente, a energia armazenada induz um pico de tensão transitório ($$V = -L \\cdot \\frac{di}{dt}$$). No L293D, cada saída incorpora diodos de fixação rápidos conectados a VCC2 e GND:\n- Se a tensão exceder VCC2, o diodo superior conduz fixando o terminal em $$V_{CC2} + V_F$$ (~VCC2 + 1.2V).\n- Se a tensão cair abaixo do terra, o diodo inferior conduz fixando o nível em $$-V_F$$ (~ -1.2V).\nIsso protege as junções dos transistores contra a avalanche. Os capacitores cerâmicos C4 e C5 (100nF) em paralelo com os motores eliminam o ruído de alta frequência das escovas.\n\n### 5. Linhas de alimentação separadas, proteção shoot-through e desacoplamento\nPara isolar a lógica digital dos transientes do motor, U1 separa suas alimentações: VCC1 (Pino 16) alimenta comparadores lógicos e sensores térmicos, desacoplado por C1 (100nF cerâmico). VCC2 (Pino 8) fornece energia exclusivamente aos drivers de saída de alta corrente, desacoplado pelo capacitor eletrolítico C2 (100µF, absorve surtos) e o cerâmico C3 (100nF). Circuitos internos de retardo evitam a condução simultânea dos transistores superior e inferior de um mesmo ramo, eliminando correntes shoot-through destrutivas.",[26,29,32,35,38,41,44,47],{"label":27,"value":28},"Tensão de alimentação lógica (VCC1)","4.5V a 7.0V DC (Nominal 5.0V compatível com TTL\u002FCMOS)",{"label":30,"value":31},"Tensão de alimentação dos motores (VCC2)","4.5V a 36.0V DC (Linha independente de alta corrente)",{"label":33,"value":34},"Corrente de saída contínua (por canal)","600 mA contínua \u002F 1.2 A pico não repetitivo (\u003C100 µs)",{"label":36,"value":37},"Diodos de fixação flyback internos","Integrados no chip (600 mA contínuo, 1.2 A pico)",{"label":39,"value":40},"Queda de tensão de saturação total","Típ. 2.6V (Darlington superior 1.4V + NPN inferior 1.2V a 600mA)",{"label":42,"value":43},"Resistência térmica junção-ambiente (RθJA)","67 °C\u002FW (DIP-16 com pinos de terra 4, 5, 12, 13 soldados a plano de cobre)",{"label":45,"value":46},"Temperatura máxima de junção operacional","+150 °C (O desligamento térmico interno atua tipicamente a +165 °C)",{"label":48,"value":49},"Frequência recomendada de modulação PWM","1 kHz a 10 kHz (Otimizada para redução de ruído acústico e perdas)",[51,52,53,54],"Robótica com tração diferencial de duas rodas e plataformas móveis autônomas","Atuadores de motor DC bidirecionais, fusos lineares e servomecanismos","Controle de fase de motores de passo bipolares de 4 fios em impressoras 3D e CNC","Regulação de velocidade PWM para ventoinhas de 12V, microbombas e válvulas solenoide",[56,61,66,70],{"title":57,"trap":58,"solution":59,"severity":60},"Perda considerável por queda de saturação Darlington interna","Aplicar 12V em VCC2 produz apenas cerca de 9.4V nos terminais do motor sob carga de 600mA. Iniciantes frequentemente confundem essa queda normal de 2.6V com capacidade insuficiente da fonte ou motor com defeito.","Compense a tensão dimensionando VCC2 entre 2.5V e 3.0V acima da tensão nominal do motor (ex. 14.5V a 15V para motor de 12V), ou use drivers DMOS\u002FCMOS modernos (DRV8833 ou TB6612FNG) com baixíssima perda de tensão.","warning",{"title":62,"trap":63,"solution":64,"severity":65},"Dissipação térmica elevada que exige plano de terra como dissipador","Operar dois motores DC a 500mA continuamente a partir de 12V dissipa mais de 2.6W de potência térmica em U1. Sem dissipação de cobre adequada, a proteção térmica é acionada em segundos, cortando o motor intermitentemente.","Solde os pinos de terra 4, 5, 12 e 13 a um plano de terra contínuo (mínimo 10 cm² em PCB de 1 oz) ou instale um dissipador metálico DIP-16. Mantenha a potência dissipada sem dissipador abaixo de 1.5W a 25 °C.","critical",{"title":67,"trap":68,"solution":69,"severity":65},"Corrente de rotor bloqueado (Stall) excedendo o limite contínuo de 600mA","Motores pequenos de 200mA sem carga podem puxar picos de 1.5A a 3.0A em caso de travamento mecânico ou reversão rápida. Exceder o limite de pico absoluto de 1.2A danifica permanentemente os fios internos ou as junções Darlington.","Meça a corrente de rotor bloqueado do motor (V_motor \u002F R_enrolamento). Se ultrapassar 1.0A, implemente rampas de aceleração suave via software (soft-start), use fusível rearmável PTC de 650mA ou resistor limitador externo.",{"title":71,"trap":72,"solution":73,"severity":60},"Filtragem independente para alimentação de lógica (VCC1) e motores (VCC2)","Alimentar a lógica VCC1 e os motores VCC2 a partir da mesma linha não regulada sem filtragem adequada injeta ruídos indutivos que reiniciam o microcontrolador.","Alimente sempre VCC1 com uma linha de 5V regulada com capacitor cerâmico de 100nF junto ao Pino 16. Alimente VCC2 com bateria ou fonte dedicada com capacitor eletrolítico de pelo menos 100µF e cerâmico de 100nF junto ao Pino 8.",[75,93,127,149],{"name":76,"latexOrText":77,"description":78,"variables":79},"Tensão efetiva nos terminais do motor","V_{M} = V_{CC2} - (V_{CE(sat,H)} + V_{CE(sat,L)}) = V_{CC2} - V_{drop}","Calcula a tensão diferencial real fornecida ao motor após subtrair as quedas de saturação do transistor Darlington superior e do transistor NPN inferior.",[80,85,89],{"symbol":81,"name":82,"typicalValue":83,"unit":84},"V_{M}","Tensão diferencial efetiva no motor","9.4","V",{"symbol":86,"name":87,"typicalValue":88,"unit":84},"V_{CC2}","Tensão da fonte de alimentação de motores","12.0",{"symbol":90,"name":91,"typicalValue":92,"unit":84},"V_{drop}","Queda total de saturação do driver","2.6",{"name":94,"latexOrText":95,"description":96,"variables":97},"Dissipação total de potência no driver","P_{total} = (V_{drop} \\cdot I_{load1} + V_{drop} \\cdot I_{load2}) + (V_{CC1} \\cdot I_{CC1}) + (V_{CC2} \\cdot I_{CC2})","Determina a potência elétrica total convertida em calor no encapsulamento L293D por perdas de condução e correntes de repouso.",[98,103,105,110,113,117,121,123],{"symbol":99,"name":100,"typicalValue":101,"unit":102},"P_{total}","Potência térmica total dissipada pelo encapsulamento","2.85","W",{"symbol":90,"name":104,"typicalValue":92,"unit":84},"Queda de saturação total da ponte H",{"symbol":106,"name":107,"typicalValue":108,"unit":109},"I_{load1}","Corrente contínua de operação do Motor 1","0.5","A",{"symbol":111,"name":112,"typicalValue":108,"unit":109},"I_{load2}","Corrente contínua de operação do Motor 2",{"symbol":114,"name":115,"typicalValue":116,"unit":84},"V_{CC1}","Tensão da linha de lógica","5.0",{"symbol":118,"name":119,"typicalValue":120,"unit":109},"I_{CC1}","Corrente de repouso dos circuitos lógicos","0.040",{"symbol":86,"name":122,"typicalValue":88,"unit":84},"Tensão da linha de motores",{"symbol":124,"name":125,"typicalValue":126,"unit":109},"I_{CC2}","Corrente de repouso dos estágios de saída","0.004",{"name":128,"latexOrText":129,"description":130,"variables":131},"Elevação de temperatura da junção de silício","T_J = T_A + (P_{total} \\cdot R_{\\theta JA})","Calcula a temperatura de operação da junção do chip em função da potência dissipada, temperatura ambiente e resistência térmica da placa.",[132,137,141,144],{"symbol":133,"name":134,"typicalValue":135,"unit":136},"T_J","Temperatura calculada da junção de silício","115.0","°C",{"symbol":138,"name":139,"typicalValue":140,"unit":136},"T_A","Temperatura ambiente de operação","25.0",{"symbol":99,"name":142,"typicalValue":143,"unit":102},"Potência total dissipada","1.35",{"symbol":145,"name":146,"typicalValue":147,"unit":148},"R_{\\theta JA}","Resistência térmica junção-ambiente com plano de cobre","67.0","°C\u002FW",{"name":150,"latexOrText":151,"description":152,"variables":153},"Tensão média entregue ao motor por PWM","V_{avg} = D \\cdot V_{M} = \\frac{t_{on}}{T} \\cdot (V_{CC2} - V_{drop})","Determina a tensão média DC fornecida ao enrolamento do motor em função do ciclo de trabalho PWM D aplicado no pino de habilitação.",[154,158,163,165,167],{"symbol":155,"name":156,"typicalValue":157,"unit":84},"V_{avg}","Tensão média efetiva no motor","4.7",{"symbol":159,"name":160,"typicalValue":161,"unit":162},"D","Ciclo de trabalho PWM (0.0 a 1.0)","0.50","ratio",{"symbol":81,"name":164,"typicalValue":83,"unit":84},"Tensão nos terminais do motor em condução plena",{"symbol":86,"name":166,"typicalValue":88,"unit":84},"Tensão de alimentação de motores",{"symbol":90,"name":168,"typicalValue":92,"unit":84},"Queda de saturação na ponte H",[170,179,186,190,197,204,209,214],{"refDes":171,"componentName":172,"value":173,"package":174,"quantity":175,"componentSlug":176,"role":177,"notes":178},"U1","Driver quádruplo de meia ponte H com diodos de fixação","L293D","PDIP-16",1,"l293d","Driver duplo de potência em ponte H para cargas indutivas","Texas Instruments L293DNE; 600 mA\u002Fcanal contínuo, 1.2 A pico, alimentação de motor de 4.5V a 36V com diodos integrados.",{"refDes":180,"componentName":181,"value":182,"package":183,"quantity":175,"role":184,"notes":185},"M1","Motor DC de escovas 1","12V DC Motor","Custom","Motor atuador dos canais 1 e 2","Motor DC padrão de 12V de ímã permanente com escovas, corrente nominal de carga \u003C= 500 mA.",{"refDes":187,"componentName":188,"value":182,"package":183,"quantity":175,"role":189,"notes":185},"M2","Motor DC de escovas 2","Motor atuador dos canais 3 e 4",{"refDes":191,"componentName":192,"value":193,"package":194,"quantity":175,"role":195,"notes":196},"C1","Capacitor cerâmico de desacoplamento","100nF","0805","Filtro da linha de lógica VCC1","Murata GRM21BR71E104KA01L; 100nF 25V X7R cerâmico, montado junto ao Pino 16 de U1.",{"refDes":198,"componentName":199,"value":200,"package":201,"quantity":175,"role":202,"notes":203},"C2","Capacitor eletrolítico de alumínio","100µF","Radial","Reserva de energia da linha de motores VCC2","Nichicon UVR1E101MDD; 100µF 25V eletrolítico radial, absorve correntes de partida e ondulações de chaveamento.",{"refDes":205,"componentName":206,"value":193,"package":194,"quantity":175,"role":207,"notes":208},"C3","Capacitor cerâmico de derivação","Filtro de alta frequência da linha VCC2","Murata GRM21BR71H104KA01L; 100nF 50V X7R cerâmico, deriva transientes rápidos de chaveamento no Pino 8 de U1.",{"refDes":210,"componentName":211,"value":193,"package":194,"quantity":175,"role":212,"notes":213},"C4","Capacitor amortecedor snubber do motor 1","Supressão de faíscas e ruído eletromagnético","Murata GRM21BR71H104KA01L; 100nF 50V X7R cerâmico, soldado diretamente nos bornes do Motor 1.",{"refDes":215,"componentName":216,"value":193,"package":194,"quantity":175,"role":212,"notes":217},"C5","Capacitor amortecedor snubber do motor 2","Murata GRM21BR71H104KA01L; 100nF 50V X7R cerâmico, soldado diretamente nos bornes do Motor 2.",{"U1":219,"M1":232,"M2":240,"C1":245,"C2":254,"C3":262,"C4":268,"C5":273,"P1":277,"P2":286,"P3":294,"P4":301,"P5":308,"P6":315,"P7":322,"P8":330,"P9":338,"P10":346,"P11":352,"P12":357},{"refDes":171,"name":220,"value":221,"role":222,"description":223,"componentSlug":176,"footprint":224,"specs":225},"Driver quádruplo de meia ponte H L293D","L293DNE","CI driver de ponte H dupla","Circuito integrado monolítico com duas pontes H completas independentes (quatro canais push-pull) e diodos de fixação integrados.","PDIP-16 (NE) \u002F SOIC-16 (DW)",{"Alimentação de motores (VCC2)":226,"Alimentação lógica (VCC1)":227,"Corrente contínua":228,"Corrente de pico de saída":229,"Diodos de proteção":230,"Queda total de saturação":231},"4.5V to 36V","4.5V to 7.0V","600 mA \u002F canal","1.2 A \u002F canal","Integrados no chip","Typ. 2.6V at 600mA",{"refDes":180,"name":181,"value":233,"role":234,"description":235,"footprint":236,"specs":237},"12V DC","Motor de carga principal","Motor DC bidirecional de ímã permanente acionado diferencialmente entre saídas 1Y (Pino 3) e 2Y (Pino 6).","Custom \u002F Lead Wires",{"Tensão nominal de operação":233,"Corrente de operação":238,"Interface de controle":239},"\u003C= 500 mA","Diferencial 1Y \u002F 2Y",{"refDes":187,"name":188,"value":233,"role":241,"description":242,"footprint":236,"specs":243},"Motor de carga secundário","Motor DC bidirecional de ímã permanente acionado diferencialmente entre saídas 3Y (Pino 11) e 4Y (Pino 14).",{"Tensão nominal de operação":233,"Corrente de operação":238,"Interface de controle":244},"Diferencial 3Y \u002F 4Y",{"refDes":191,"name":246,"value":193,"role":247,"description":248,"footprint":249,"specs":250},"Capacitor de desacoplamento lógico","Filtro de alta frequência de VCC1","Capacitor cerâmico de baixo ESR que atenua transientes digitais e previne disparos falsos.","0805 SMD \u002F Radial 2.54mm",{"Capacitância":251,"Tensão nominal":252,"Dielétrico":253},"100 nF","25V","Cerâmico X7R",{"refDes":198,"name":255,"value":200,"role":256,"description":257,"footprint":258,"specs":259},"Capacitor de reserva para motores","Filtro de baixa frequência de VCC2","Capacitor eletrolítico que armazena carga para suportar correntes de partida dos motores e atenuar ondulações.","Radial 5.0mm Lead Pitch",{"Capacitância":260,"Tensão nominal":252,"Tipo":261},"100 µF","Eletrolítico de alumínio",{"refDes":205,"name":263,"value":193,"role":264,"description":265,"footprint":249,"specs":266},"Capacitor de derivação para motores","Derivação de alta frequência de VCC2","Capacitor cerâmico montado junto ao Pino 8 para desviar para o terra picos rápidos gerados pelo PWM.",{"Capacitância":251,"Tensão nominal":267,"Dielétrico":253},"50V",{"refDes":210,"name":269,"value":193,"role":270,"description":271,"footprint":249,"specs":272},"Filtro amortecedor snubber do motor 1","Supressor de faíscas e filtro EMI","Capacitor cerâmico conectado aos bornes do Motor 1 para suprimir faíscas nas escovas e emissões RF.",{"Capacitância":251,"Tensão nominal":267,"Dielétrico":253},{"refDes":215,"name":274,"value":193,"role":270,"description":275,"footprint":249,"specs":276},"Filtro amortecedor snubber do motor 2","Capacitor cerâmico conectado aos bornes do Motor 2 para suprimir faíscas nas escovas e emissões RF.",{"Capacitância":251,"Tensão nominal":267,"Dielétrico":253},{"refDes":278,"name":279,"value":280,"role":281,"description":282,"specs":283},"P1","Entrada de habilitação 1,2EN","EN1","Controle PWM \u002F habilitação do Motor 1","Entrada de habilitação ativa em nível ALTO para canais 1 e 2. Aceita sinal PWM para regular a velocidade do Motor 1.",{"Tensão de nível lógico alto":284,"Tensão de nível lógico baixo":285},"2.3V to VCC1","-0.3V to 1.5V",{"refDes":287,"name":288,"value":289,"role":290,"description":291,"specs":292},"P2","Entrada de direção 1A","IN1","Entrada do canal 1 do driver","Entrada digital TTL que controla a polaridade da saída 1Y (Pino 3).",{"Nivel lógico":293},"5 V TTL\u002FCMOS",{"refDes":295,"name":296,"value":297,"role":298,"description":299,"specs":300},"P3","Entrada de direção 2A","IN2","Entrada do canal 2 do driver","Entrada digital TTL que controla a polaridade da saída 2Y (Pino 6).",{"Nível lógico":293},{"refDes":302,"name":303,"value":304,"role":305,"description":306,"specs":307},"P4","Entrada de habilitação 3,4EN","EN2","Controle PWM \u002F habilitação do Motor 2","Entrada de habilitação ativa em nível ALTO para canais 3 e 4. Aceita sinal PWM para regular a velocidade do Motor 2.",{"Tensão de nível lógico alto":284,"Tensão de nível lógico baixo":285},{"refDes":309,"name":310,"value":311,"role":312,"description":313,"specs":314},"P5","Entrada de direção 3A","IN3","Entrada do canal 3 do driver","Entrada digital TTL que controla a polaridade da saída 3Y (Pino 11).",{"Nível lógico":293},{"refDes":316,"name":317,"value":318,"role":319,"description":320,"specs":321},"P6","Entrada de direção 4A","IN4","Entrada do canal 4 do driver","Entrada digital TTL que controla a polaridade da saída 4Y (Pino 14).",{"Nível lógico":293},{"refDes":323,"name":324,"value":325,"role":326,"description":327,"specs":328},"P7","Linha de alimentação lógica","+5V","Alimentação lógica interna VCC1","Fonte regulada de 5V DC para comparadores lógicos e portas de controle.",{"Tensão nominal":329},"5.0V DC",{"refDes":331,"name":332,"value":333,"role":334,"description":335,"specs":336},"P8","Linha de alimentação de motores","+12V","Alimentação 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3.3V\u002F5V.",7,4,"driver de relé com bjt npn 2n2222 \u002F 2n2222a e diodo flyback 1n4007\ncircuito de chaveamento de lado baixo com transistor bipolar npn para relé de 12v com diodo flyback 1n4007, acionamento por saturação e desacoplamento de alimentação para mcu de 3.3v\u002F5v.\ndriver de relé com bjt npn 2n2222 \u002F 2n2222a e diodo flyback 1n4007\ncircuito de chaveamento de lado baixo com transistor bipolar npn para relé de 12v com diodo flyback 1n4007, acionamento por saturação e desacoplamento de alimentação para mcu de 3.3v\u002F5v.\n2n2222 \u002F 2n2222a npn bjt relay driver with 1n4007 flyback clamping diode\ndiscrete npn bipolar junction transistor low-side relay driver circuit with 1n4007 flyback suppression diode, base saturation drive, and supply decoupling for 3.3v\u002F5v mcu control.\nmicrocontroller_interfaces\ntransistor bipolar npn de uso geral\n2n2222a\nq1\ndiodo retificador \u002F grampeador de uso geral\n1n4007\nd1\nrelé subminiatura eletromecânico spdt\ng5v-1-dc12\nk1\nresistor limitador de base 1 kω\n1kω\nr1\nresistor pull-down de base 10 kω\n10kω\nr2\ncapacitor cerâmico de desacoplamento mlcc\n100nf 50v\nc1\ncapacitor eletrolítico de desacoplamento de alumínio\n47µf 25v\nc2",{"slug":983,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"supplyVoltage":984,"voltageSpecification":985,"signalDomain":976,"breadboardFriendly":14,"title":988,"shortDescription":989,"bomCount":990,"formulaCount":980,"search":991},"bss138-bidirectional-i2c-level-shifter",[969,970],{"kind":973,"value":986,"label":987},"+3,3 V CC nominal (faixa operacional de +1,65 V a +3,6 V)","Alimentação de baixa tensão (VDD1)","Conversor de nível lógico bidirecional I2C de 3,3 V para 5 V com BSS138","Tradutor de nível de tensão bidirecional para barramento I2C que conecta domínios lógicos de 3,3 V e 5 V utilizando dois MOSFETs de canal N onsemi BSS138 com resistores pull-up e desacoplamento de alimentação.",8,"conversor de nível lógico bidirecional i2c de 3,3 v para 5 v com bss138\ntradutor de nível de tensão bidirecional para barramento i2c que conecta domínios lógicos de 3,3 v e 5 v utilizando dois mosfets de canal n onsemi bss138 com resistores pull-up e desacoplamento de alimentação.\nconversor de nível lógico bidirecional i2c de 3,3 v para 5 v com bss138\ntradutor de nível de tensão bidirecional para barramento i2c que conecta domínios lógicos de 3,3 v e 5 v utilizando dois mosfets de canal n onsemi bss138 com resistores pull-up e desacoplamento de alimentação.\nbss138 bidirectional i2c 3.3v to 5v level shifter\nbidirectional i2c bus voltage level translator interfacing 3.3v and 5v logic domains using two onsemi bss138 n-channel mosfets with pull-up resistors and decoupled supplies.\nmicrocontroller_interfaces\nmosfet de nível lógico de canal n\nbss138\nq1\nmosfet de nível lógico de canal n\nbss138\nq2\nresistor chip smd\n10kω\nr1\nresistor chip smd\n10kω\nr2\nresistor chip smd\n10kω\nr3\nresistor chip smd\n10kω\nr4\ncapacitor cerâmico multicamada\n100nf\nc1\ncapacitor cerâmico multicamada\n100nf\nc2",{"slug":993,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"supplyVoltage":994,"voltageSpecification":995,"signalDomain":976,"breadboardFriendly":14,"title":999,"shortDescription":1000,"bomCount":990,"formulaCount":1001,"search":1002},"esp32-auto-reset-flashing-circuit",[969],{"kind":996,"value":997,"label":998},"logic","3,3 V (VDD33 na DevKitC V4)","Nível lógico de operação","Circuito de reset automático e boot do ESP32 (DTR\u002FRTS)","O circuito de dois transistores das placas de desenvolvimento da Espressif com o qual o esptool, o Arduino IDE e o PlatformIO resetam um ESP32 e iniciam seu bootloader serial pelas linhas DTR e RTS de uma ponte USB-UART, sem apertar botões.",3,"circuito de reset automático e boot do esp32 (dtr\u002Frts)\no circuito de dois transistores das placas de desenvolvimento da espressif com o qual o esptool, o arduino ide e o platformio resetam um esp32 e iniciam seu bootloader serial pelas linhas dtr e rts de uma ponte usb-uart, sem apertar botões.\ncircuito de reset automático e boot do esp32 (dtr\u002Frts)\no circuito de dois transistores das placas de desenvolvimento da espressif com o qual o esptool, o arduino ide e o platformio resetam um esp32 e iniciam seu bootloader serial pelas linhas dtr e rts de uma ponte usb-uart, sem apertar botões.\nesp32 auto-reset and boot circuit (dtr\u002Frts)\nthe two-transistor circuit from espressif development boards that lets esptool, arduino ide and platformio reset an esp32 and start its serial bootloader through the dtr and rts lines of a usb-to-uart bridge, with no buttons pressed.\nmicrocontroller_interfaces\ntransistor npn de pequenos sinais\n2n3904\nq1\ntransistor npn de pequenos sinais\n2n3904\nq2\nresistor fixo\n10kω\nr1\nresistor fixo\n10kω\nr2\nresistor fixo\n10kω\nr3\ncapacitor cerâmico\n1µf\nc1\nchave táctil\nboot\nsw1\nchave táctil\nen\nsw2",1793836430770]