[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":641},["ShallowReactive",2],{"schematic:lm7805-5v-linear-regulator-standard-decoupling:es":3},{"schematic":4,"title":19,"shortDescription":22,"proseSource":602,"localizationFallbackIssues":603,"related":604,"confirmations":603},{"schemaVersion":5,"governance":6,"slug":18,"title":19,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"shortDescription":22,"deepTechnicalOverview":23,"theoryOfOperation":24,"keySpecifications":25,"applications":47,"gotchas":51,"formulas":70,"bom":129,"interactiveElements":186,"circuitJson":207,"svg":598,"relatedSchematicSlugs":599,"relatedComponentSlugs":600,"relatedBoardSlugs":601},"1.0",{"publication":7,"verification":10,"provenance":15},{"status":8,"publishedDate":9},"published","2026-10-13",{"status":11,"verifiedDate":9,"verifiedBy":12,"checklist":13},"verified","Codex (documentary engineering review against ST DS0422 Rev38 and Vishay88503; owner authorized next schematic publication on 2026-10-13; no physical bench test)",{"schema":14,"technicalFacts":14,"relationships":14,"sources":14},true,{"sourceUrls":16},[17],"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.st.com\u002Fresource\u002Fen\u002Fdatasheet\u002Fl78.pdf","lm7805-5v-linear-regulator-standard-decoupling","Regulador lineal LM7805 de 5 V con desacoplo (L7805CV)","power_supplies","Tier 1","Fuente nominal de 9 V a 5 V con ST L7805CV, condensadores de desacoplo de entrada\u002Fsalida, diodo de descarga e indicador LED. Incluye especificaciones condicionadas y cálculos térmicos.","Este circuito utiliza STMicroelectronics L7805CV en TO-220. Los valores proceden de ST L78 DS0422 Rev 38 (febrero de 2025), no de las versiones onsemi o TI de la familia 7805. La página enlazada del componente LM7805 es una referencia de familia; para U1 use los límites ST indicados aquí. El dibujo adapta la aplicación de salida fija de la figura 8 (página 22), añadiendo reserva de carga, una rama LED y una ruta opcional de descarga de salida a entrada.\n\nLa entrada ilustrada es 9 V DC y la salida nominal es 5 V. La tabla 10 (página 13) especifica 4,75–5,25 V con VIN=7–18 V, IOUT=5 mA–1 A y TJ=0–125 °C; la fila más estrecha de 4,8–5,2 V se aplica con TJ=25 °C bajo las condiciones de la tabla. Son especificaciones del CI, no una corriente continua ensayada para este conjunto. La corriente disponible depende de temperatura, tensión de entrada, trazado y refrigeración.\n\nC2=330 nF y C3=100 nF siguen los valores de desacoplo de entrada\u002Fsalida de la figura 8. ST indica que el desacoplo de entrada es necesario si el regulador está lejos del filtro de alimentación; el condensador de salida mejora la respuesta transitoria y no es necesario para estabilidad. C1=10 µF y C4=100 µF añaden reserva local. Mantenga conexiones cortas y verifique los condensadores elegidos bajo polarización y temperatura.\n\nD1 es un Vishay 1N4007 en DO-41, con ánodo en VOUT y cátodo en VIN. Es una ruta adicional de descarga, no protección contra polaridad de entrada invertida. La figura 27 de ST (página 29) trata la descarga inversa destructiva en cargas de gran capacidad por encima de 6 V; no demuestra que este circuito de 5 V\u002F100 µF siempre necesite D1 o falle sin él. Compruebe la energía de descarga y la capacidad de la fuente de entrada para aceptar corriente devuelta. Las especificaciones D1 proceden por separado de Vishay 88503: https:\u002F\u002Fwww.vishay.com\u002Fdocs\u002F88503\u002F1n4001.pdf .\n\nR1=330 Ω limita la corriente de un LED verde genérico. El LED indica presencia de tensión; no verifica precisión de salida ni temporización power-good. No se afirma ensayo físico en banco, cualificación frente a transitorios automotrices ni corriente nominal completa del conjunto.","### 1. Desacoplo de entrada y regulación\nP_VIN suministra 9 V DC nominales al pin 1 de U1. C1 y C2 se conectan a la red común de masa. U1 regula el pin 3 respecto al pin 2 (GND); la aleta TO-220 también es masa. El regulador disipa la diferencia entre entrada y salida como calor.\n\n### 2. Reserva de salida e indicación\nC3 y C4 se conectan de VOUT a GND. R1 y LED1 forman una rama serie separada. Incluya la corriente LED en la corriente total de salida del regulador. La tabla 10 especifica una carga mínima de 5 mA para regulación; no suponga que una rama LED genérica garantiza este mínimo en todas las condiciones.\n\n### 3. Dropout y condiciones de la fuente\nEl dropout de 2 V es típico con IOUT=1 A y TJ=25 °C, no un margen universal garantizado. Use las condiciones de tensión, carga y temperatura de la tabla 10 y permita rizado y pérdidas de cableado. Una fuente nominal de 6 V queda fuera de esa especificación de tensión de salida.\n\n### 4. Cálculo térmico\nEstime la disipación con la corriente total de salida, incluido el indicador:\n$$P_D \\approx (V_{IN}-V_{OUT}) I_{OUT}+V_{IN} I_G$$\nPara el ejemplo VIN=9 V, VOUT=5 V, IOUT=0,1 A e IG supuesto de 0,008 A, PD≈0,472 W. Los 8 mA son el máximo de la tabla 10 con TJ=25 °C, no un máximo garantizado a todas las temperaturas. Con RthJA=50 °C\u002FW del TO-220 en la hoja de datos y TA supuesta de 25 °C, la estimación simple es TJ≈48,6 °C. El montaje real cambia la resistencia térmica; valide el conjunto terminado. El apagado térmico es protección, no un punto de diseño especificado de 150 °C.\n\n### 5. Descarga de salida a entrada\nD1 normalmente bloquea porque VIN supera VOUT. Si VIN cae por debajo de la salida cargada, D1 puede conducir hacia la entrada. No limita por sí solo el pico de corriente del condensador. Evalúe fallos de entrada, impedancia de descarga y capacidad de pulso del diodo para la fuente prevista.",[26,29,32,35,38,41,44],{"label":27,"value":28},"Alimentación ilustrada","Entrada nominal de 9 V DC; salida nominal de 5 V; sin medición en banco",{"label":30,"value":31},"Tensión de salida regulada","4,75–5,25 V con VIN=7–18 V, IOUT=5 mA–1 A, TJ=0–125 °C (ST, tabla 10)",{"label":33,"value":34},"Corriente de carga del conjunto","No establecida; calcule temperatura y refrigeración para la carga prevista",{"label":36,"value":37},"Caída mínima de tensión (dropout)","2 V típicos con IOUT=1 A, TJ=25 °C (ST, tabla 10)",{"label":39,"value":40},"Corriente de masa","Máximo de 8 mA con TJ=25 °C y las condiciones de la tabla 10 de ST",{"label":42,"value":43},"Rango de temperatura de unión de U1","0–125 °C para L7805C (ST, tabla 1)",{"label":45,"value":46},"Límite absoluto de tensión de entrada U1","35 V (ST, tabla 1); no es una especificación operativa del conjunto",[48,49,50],"Alimentación local de 5 V DC para lógica dentro del presupuesto de carga calculado","Postregulación lineal tras comprobar el margen de entrada y la disipación térmica","Estudio educativo de desacoplo, dropout y diseño térmico del regulador",[52,57,61,65],{"title":53,"trap":54,"solution":55,"severity":56},"El presupuesto térmico limita la corriente utilizable","La corriente anunciada para la familia de CI no establece la corriente continua del conjunto. Una tensión de entrada mayor aumenta la disipación.","Calcule PD y TJ con el ambiente, montaje y disipador reales. Mantenga L7805C en su rango de unión de 0–125 °C; no dependa del apagado térmico durante el funcionamiento normal.","warning",{"title":58,"trap":59,"solution":60,"severity":56},"El dropout típico no es un margen garantizado","Sumar un dropout típico de 2 V a 5 V no garantiza regulación con todas las cargas y temperaturas. El rizado puede reducir la tensión de entrada instantánea.","Use las condiciones de la tabla 10 de ST y compruebe la tensión mínima de entrada con la carga real. Los 9 V ilustrados son un punto nominal de diseño, no un rango medido.",{"title":62,"trap":63,"solution":64,"severity":56},"Un diodo de descarga no protege la entrada","D1 devuelve carga de salida hacia VIN. No protege contra alimentación invertida, no limita sobretensiones de entrada ni garantiza descarga segura hacia cualquier fuente.","Compruebe la polaridad D1 (ánodo VOUT, cátodo VIN), la energía de descarga y la tolerancia de corriente inversa de la fuente. La figura 27 de ST se refiere expresamente a salidas de gran capacidad por encima de 6 V; aquí D1 es una adaptación adicional.",{"title":66,"trap":67,"solution":68,"severity":69},"Indicador y carga mínima","Un LED encendido no demuestra una salida regulada de 5 V. La tensión directa de un LED genérico no determina una corriente de carga garantizada.","Verifique al menos los 5 mA de carga especificados al usar los límites de regulación de la tabla 10. Seleccione LED1 y R1 según sus límites de corriente\u002Fpotencia e incluya la corriente del indicador en IOUT.","info",[71,94,114],{"name":72,"latexOrText":73,"description":74,"variables":75},"Estimación de disipación del regulador","P_D \\approx (V_{IN}-V_{OUT})\\cdot I_{OUT}+V_{IN}\\cdot I_G","Estimación ilustrativa en DC; IOUT total incluye la rama LED. IG=8 mA es el máximo ST con TJ=25 °C, usado aquí como supuesto.",[76,81,85,90],{"symbol":77,"name":78,"typicalValue":79,"unit":80},"V_{IN}","Tensión de entrada ilustrativa","9","V",{"symbol":82,"name":83,"typicalValue":84,"unit":80},"V_{OUT}","Tensión nominal de salida","5",{"symbol":86,"name":87,"typicalValue":88,"unit":89},"I_{OUT}","Corriente total de salida ilustrativa","0.1","A",{"symbol":91,"name":92,"typicalValue":93,"unit":89},"I_G","Corriente de masa supuesta","0.008",{"name":95,"latexOrText":96,"description":97,"variables":98},"Estimación de temperatura de unión","T_J \\approx T_A+P_D\\cdot\\theta_{JA}","Estimación de primer orden para el montaje supuesto; 48,6 °C es calculado, no medido. Compruebe la placa y refrigeración reales.",[99,104,109],{"symbol":100,"name":101,"typicalValue":102,"unit":103},"T_A","Temperatura ambiente supuesta","25","°C",{"symbol":105,"name":106,"typicalValue":107,"unit":108},"P_D","Disipación calculada","0.472","W",{"symbol":110,"name":111,"typicalValue":112,"unit":113},"\\theta_{JA}","Resistencia térmica unión-ambiente ST TO-220","50","°C\u002FW",{"name":115,"latexOrText":116,"description":117,"variables":118},"Estimación de corriente del indicador","I_{LED}\\approx\\frac{V_{OUT}-V_F}{R_1}","VF depende del LED elegido y de la corriente de operación; no se afirma una corriente LED exacta.",[119,120,124],{"symbol":82,"name":83,"typicalValue":84,"unit":80},{"symbol":121,"name":122,"typicalValue":123,"unit":80},"V_F","Tensión directa del LED elegido","—",{"symbol":125,"name":126,"typicalValue":127,"unit":128},"R_1","Resistencia en serie","330","Ω",[130,139,146,153,160,166,172,179],{"refDes":131,"componentName":132,"value":133,"package":134,"quantity":135,"componentSlug":136,"role":137,"notes":138},"U1","Regulador STMicroelectronics L7805CV","L7805CV","TO-220-3",1,"lm7805","Regulación fija de 5 V","ST DS0422 Rev 38; pines 1 IN, 2 GND, 3 OUT; aleta GND. La página de familia usa otro fabricante de referencia.",{"refDes":140,"componentName":141,"value":142,"package":143,"quantity":135,"role":144,"notes":145},"D1","Rectificador de silicio Vishay","1N4007","DO-41","Ruta adicional de descarga de salida a entrada","Vishay 88503: IF(AV)=1 A con TA=75 °C, longitud de terminales de 9,5 mm; IFSM=30 A con TA=25 °C, semionda sinusoidal no repetitiva de 8,3 ms superpuesta a la carga nominal. Compruebe la descarga real.",{"refDes":147,"componentName":148,"value":149,"package":150,"quantity":135,"role":151,"notes":152},"C1","Condensador genérico de reserva de entrada","10µF \u002F 25V","Radial electrolytic","Reserva local de carga de entrada","Respete la polaridad; componente genérico, seleccione footprint y corriente de rizado admisible para el conjunto.",{"refDes":154,"componentName":155,"value":156,"package":157,"quantity":135,"role":158,"notes":159},"C2","Condensador cerámico genérico de desacoplo de entrada","330nF \u002F 50V","0805","Desacoplo de entrada","X7R; conexiones cortas al pin 1 y GND. Valor de la figura 8.",{"refDes":161,"componentName":162,"value":163,"package":157,"quantity":135,"role":164,"notes":165},"C3","Condensador cerámico genérico de desacoplo de salida","100nF \u002F 25V","Desacoplo de transitorios de salida","X7R; según la figura 8, el condensador de salida mejora la respuesta transitoria y no es necesario para estabilidad.",{"refDes":167,"componentName":168,"value":169,"package":150,"quantity":135,"role":170,"notes":171},"C4","Condensador genérico de reserva de salida","100µF \u002F 16V","Reserva local de carga de salida","Respete la polaridad; adaptación adicional, evalúe descarga y transitorios de carga.",{"refDes":173,"componentName":174,"value":175,"package":176,"quantity":135,"role":177,"notes":178},"R1","Resistencia serie genérica del LED","330Ω \u002F 0.25W","Axial","Limitación de corriente LED","Seleccione tolerancia y verifique disipación con el LED elegido; no se afirma una corriente exacta.",{"refDes":180,"componentName":181,"value":182,"package":183,"quantity":135,"role":184,"notes":185},"LED1","LED indicador verde genérico","Green LED","Through-hole","Indicación de tensión de salida","Seleccione un LED específico con valores adecuados de corriente y tensión directa; no es un monitor power-good.",{"U1":187,"D1":188,"C1":189,"C2":190,"C3":191,"C4":192,"R1":193,"LED1":194,"P_VIN":195,"P_VOUT":201},{"refDes":131,"name":132,"value":133,"role":137,"description":138,"componentSlug":136,"footprint":134},{"refDes":140,"name":141,"value":142,"role":144,"description":145,"footprint":143},{"refDes":147,"name":148,"value":149,"role":151,"description":152,"footprint":150},{"refDes":154,"name":155,"value":156,"role":158,"description":159,"footprint":157},{"refDes":161,"name":162,"value":163,"role":164,"description":165,"footprint":157},{"refDes":167,"name":168,"value":169,"role":170,"description":171,"footprint":150},{"refDes":173,"name":174,"value":175,"role":177,"description":178,"footprint":176},{"refDes":180,"name":181,"value":182,"role":184,"description":185,"footprint":183},{"refDes":196,"name":197,"value":198,"role":199,"description":200},"P_VIN","Entrada DC","9V DC nominal","Puerto de entrada","Punto de alimentación ilustrativo. Compruebe rizado de la fuente, desacoplo de entrada y disipación para la carga elegida.",{"refDes":202,"name":203,"value":204,"role":205,"description":206},"P_VOUT","Salida regulada","5V nominal","Puerto de salida","Carril regulado nominal. La corriente disponible está limitada por la temperatura, las condiciones de la fuente y el conjunto completo.",{"schemaVersion":208,"id":209,"meta":210,"components":216,"nets":327,"junctions":378,"netLabels":406,"wires":407},"1.5","schematic-7805-fixed-regulator",{"title":19,"locale":211,"grid":212,"source":213},"es",20,{"type":214,"ref":215,"url":17},"datasheet","STMicroelectronics L78 DS0422 Rev 38 (February 2025), Figure 8 p.22 and L7805C Table 10 p.13; pinout p.3, thermal\u002Frating Tables 1–2 p.4; discharge discussion Figure 27 p.29. Adaptation: nominal 9V input, C1=10µF, C2=330nF, C3=100nF, C4=100µF, D1=Vishay 1N4007, R1=330Ω and generic green LED. No bench test.",[217,226,234,241,248,255,261,267,275,281,289,297,303,309,315,321],{"id":218,"symbolId":219,"refDes":196,"position":220,"rotation":223,"properties":224},"comp_p_vin","port.power",{"x":221,"y":222},140,40,0,{"value":225},"+9V 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'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">GND\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003Ctext x=\"820\" y=\"466.4\" text-anchor=\"middle\" fill=\"#18181a\" stroke=\"none\" font-family=\"'Space Mono', 'SFMono-Regular', Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', monospace\" font-size=\"11\">GND\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fsvg>",[],[136],[],"overlay",null,[605,618,630],{"slug":606,"cluster":20,"tier":607,"supplyVoltage":608,"voltageSpecification":610,"signalDomain":331,"breadboardFriendly":14,"title":613,"shortDescription":614,"bomCount":615,"formulaCount":616,"search":617},"dual-rail-7815-7915-split-power-supply","Tier 2",[609],"dual_rail",{"kind":611,"value":612,"label":30},"output","+15 V y −15 V con seguimiento; hasta 1 A (figura 8 de TI)","Fuente simétrica de seguimiento ±15 V (LM7815 \u002F LM7915)","El regulador de seguimiento de ±15 V y 1 A de la hoja de datos TI LM79xx: un LM7915 ajustado a exactamente −15 V y un LM7815 cuyo pin de masa controla un amplificador operacional LM307, de modo que el carril positivo replica al negativo.",14,3,"fuente simétrica de seguimiento ±15 v (lm7815 \u002F lm7915)\nel regulador de seguimiento de ±15 v y 1 a de la hoja de datos ti lm79xx: un lm7915 ajustado a exactamente −15 v y un lm7815 cuyo pin de masa controla un amplificador operacional lm307, de modo que el carril positivo replica al negativo.\nfuente simétrica de seguimiento ±15 v (lm7815 \u002F lm7915)\nel regulador de seguimiento de ±15 v y 1 a de la hoja de datos ti lm79xx: un lm7915 ajustado a exactamente −15 v y un lm7815 cuyo pin de masa controla un amplificador operacional lm307, de modo que el carril positivo replica al negativo.\n±15 v tracking dual supply (lm7815 \u002F lm7915)\nthe ±15 v, 1 a tracking regulator from the ti lm79xx datasheet: an lm7915 trimmed to exactly −15 v and an lm7815 whose ground pin is driven by an lm307 op-amp, so the positive rail mirrors the negative one.\npower_supplies\nregulador de tensión positiva\nlm7815\nu1\nregulador de tensión negativa\nlm7915\nu2\namplificador operacional\nlm307\nu3\nresistencia\n50ω\nr1\nresistencia\n1kω\nr2\npotenciómetro de ajuste\n5kω\nr3\nresistencia de precisión\n10kω 1%\nr4\nresistencia de precisión\n10kω 1%\nr5\ncondensador electrolítico de aluminio\n25µf\nc1\ncondensador electrolítico de aluminio\n25µf\nc2\ncondensador electrolítico de aluminio\n25µf\nc4\ncondensador electrolítico de aluminio\n25µf\nc5\ndiodo rectificador\n1n4001\nd1\ndiodo rectificador\n1n4001\nd2",{"slug":619,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"supplyVoltage":620,"voltageSpecification":623,"signalDomain":331,"breadboardFriendly":14,"title":625,"shortDescription":626,"bomCount":627,"formulaCount":628,"search":629},"lm2596-step-down-buck-converter",[621,622,609],"5v","12v",{"kind":611,"value":624,"label":30},"5.0V CC (±4% de tolerancia total: 4.80V a 5.20V)","Regulador reductor conmutado LM2596 (5V \u002F 3A)","Regulador reductor conmutado de alta eficiencia a 150 kHz que proporciona una salida regulada de 5V con hasta 3A de carga continua desde una fuente de 7V–40V CC con un mínimo de componentes externos.",7,4,"regulador reductor conmutado lm2596 (5v \u002F 3a)\nregulador reductor conmutado de alta eficiencia a 150 khz que proporciona una salida regulada de 5v con hasta 3a de carga continua desde una fuente de 7v–40v cc con un mínimo de componentes externos.\nregulador reductor conmutado lm2596 (5v \u002F 3a)\nregulador reductor conmutado de alta eficiencia a 150 khz que proporciona una salida regulada de 5v con hasta 3a de carga continua desde una fuente de 7v–40v cc con un mínimo de componentes externos.\nlm2596 step-down buck converter (5v \u002F 3a)\nhigh-efficiency 150-khz step-down switching regulator delivering a regulated 5v output at up to 3a continuous load from a 7v–40v dc supply with minimal external components.\npower_supplies\nregulador conmutado texas instruments lm2596-5.0\nlm2596t-5.0\nu1\nrectificador schottky on semiconductor\n1n5822\nd1\ninductor toroidal de potencia pulse electronics\n33µh \u002F 3.5a\nl1\ncondensador electrolítico de entrada de bajo esr nichicon\n680µf \u002F 50v\nc1\ncondensador electrolítico de salida de bajo esr nichicon\n220µf \u002F 25v\nc2\npuerto de entrada de alimentación cc\n+12v dc (7v–40v)\np_vin\npuerto de salida de alimentación cc\n+5.0v dc (up to 3a)\np_vout",{"slug":631,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"supplyVoltage":632,"voltageSpecification":634,"signalDomain":331,"breadboardFriendly":14,"title":637,"shortDescription":638,"bomCount":639,"formulaCount":616,"search":640},"lm317-adjustable-linear-regulator",[621,622,633],"24v",{"kind":611,"value":635,"label":636},"1.25–9V respeta el margen recomendado de 3V con entrada nominal de 12V; la regulación también exige las condiciones especificadas de carga, temperatura y potencia","Consignas nominales calculadas","Regulador de tensión lineal positivo ajustable LM317","Circuito de regulación de tensión CC con TI LM317KCS y entrada nominal de 12V. Las consignas calculadas hasta 9V respetan el margen recomendado de 3V; la corriente utilizable exige evaluar la carga y el balance térmico.",6,"regulador de tensión lineal positivo ajustable lm317\ncircuito de regulación de tensión cc con ti lm317kcs y entrada nominal de 12v. las consignas calculadas hasta 9v respetan el margen recomendado de 3v; la corriente utilizable exige evaluar la carga y el balance térmico.\nregulador de tensión lineal positivo ajustable lm317\ncircuito de regulación de tensión cc con ti lm317kcs y entrada nominal de 12v. las consignas calculadas hasta 9v respetan el margen recomendado de 3v; la corriente utilizable exige evaluar la carga y el balance térmico.\nlm317 adjustable positive linear voltage regulator\nadjustable dc voltage reference circuit using ti lm317kcs and nominal 12v input. calculated setpoints up to 9v respect the recommended 3v headroom; usable current requires a load and thermal budget.\npower_supplies\nregulador de tensión lineal positivo ajustable\nlm317kcs\nu1\nresistencia de película metálica de precisión 0,25 w (1\u002F4w)\n240ω\nr1\npotenciómetro cermet lineal \u002F trimmer\n5kω\nr2\ncondensador cerámico multicapa (mlcc)\n0.1µf\nc1\ncondensador electrolítico de aluminio\n10µf\nc2\ndiodo rectificador de silicio estándar\n1n4007\nd1",1793836433224]