[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1002},["ShallowReactive",2],{"schematic:l293d-dual-h-bridge-dc-motor-driver:es":3},{"schematic":4,"title":19,"shortDescription":22,"proseSource":962,"localizationFallbackIssues":963,"related":964,"confirmations":963},{"schemaVersion":5,"governance":6,"slug":18,"title":19,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"shortDescription":22,"deepTechnicalOverview":23,"theoryOfOperation":24,"keySpecifications":25,"applications":50,"gotchas":55,"formulas":74,"bom":169,"interactiveElements":218,"circuitJson":363,"svg":960,"relatedComponentSlugs":961},"1.0",{"publication":7,"verification":10,"provenance":15},{"status":8,"publishedDate":9},"published","2026-11-03",{"status":11,"verifiedDate":9,"verifiedBy":12,"checklist":13},"verified","Gemini (AI documentary, CAD and hardware-localization review against Texas Instruments SLRS008D Rev. D January 2016; owner publication authorization; no bench, simulation, independent second review or native-speaker claim)",{"schema":14,"technicalFacts":14,"relationships":14,"sources":14},true,{"sourceUrls":16},[17],"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ti.com\u002Flit\u002Fds\u002Fsymlink\u002Fl293d.pdf","l293d-dual-h-bridge-dc-motor-driver","Controlador de motores DC con doble puente H L293D","microcontroller_interfaces","Tier 1","Esquema completo de controlador bidireccional doble para motores DC con el CI de cuatro medios puentes H TI L293D y control PWM independiente de velocidad y sentido.","El esquema de controlador de motores DC con doble puente H L293D proporciona control bidireccional independiente de velocidad y dirección para dos motores DC de escobillas o un motor paso a paso bipolar de 4 hilos. Al operar con líneas de alimentación dobles, separa la lógica digital de 5V de bajo ruido del microcontrolador (VCC1) de los suministros inductivos de mayor tensión de 4.5V a 36V para motores (VCC2). Cada puente H completo consta de dos canales push-pull con diodos de fijación de alta velocidad (flyback) integrados en el chip para suprimir los picos inductivos durante la conmutación PWM y las inversiones bruscas. El controlador integra apagado térmico y protección interna contra conducción cruzada, mientras que los condensadores cerámicos externos (C4, C5) colocados directamente en los terminales del motor atenúan el arco de conmutación de escobillas y la interferencia electromagnética.","### 1. Topología de etapa de salida con doble puente H y conducción Darlington bipolar\nCada canal de medio puente H en U1 emplea un par de transistores pull-up Darlington NPN y un transistor pull-down NPN en emisor común. Al polarizar un terminal del motor a nivel ALTO (HIGH), la corriente fluye desde VCC2 a través del par Darlington superior hacia la carga. Debido a las dos uniones base-emisor y colector-emisor en serie en la estructura Darlington, la caída de tensión de saturación del lado alto oscila entre 1.2V y 1.8V. Simultáneamente, el transistor pull-down del lado opuesto drena la corriente hacia tierra con una caída de 1.0V a 1.5V. Como resultado, la tensión efectiva entregada al motor se reduce por la pérdida acumulada de dos transistores en saturación:\n\n$$V_{M} = V_{CC2} - V_{CE(sat,high)} - V_{CE(sat,low)} \\approx V_{CC2} - 2.6\\text{V}$$\n\n### 2. Matriz lógica de dirección y conmutación bidireccional\nEl Motor 1 está conectado de forma diferencial entre los pines de salida 1Y (Pin 3) y 2Y (Pin 6). El sentido de rotación se define mediante niveles lógicos TTL complementarios en las entradas 1A (Pin 2) y 2A (Pin 7) con el pin de habilitación 1,2EN (Pin 1) en nivel ALTO:\n- Rotación hacia adelante: 1A = HIGH y 2A = LOW sitúan 1Y en nivel ALTO (~VCC2 - 1.4V) y 2Y en nivel BAJO (~1.2V), estableciendo un flujo de corriente hacia adelante desde el Pin 3 hacia el Pin 6.\n- Rotación inversa: 1A = LOW y 2A = HIGH invierten la polaridad en los terminales y el sentido de giro del motor.\n- Frenado dinámico activo: niveles idénticos en ambas entradas (1A = HIGH, 2A = HIGH o 1A = LOW, 2A = LOW) cortocircuitan los terminales del motor al mismo potencial, disipando la fuerza contraelectromotriz y frenando el rotor con rapidez.\n\n### 3. Control de velocidad por modulación por ancho de pulsos (PWM) y marcha libre\nLa regulación continua del par y la velocidad se realiza inyectando una señal PWM digital en el pin de habilitación 1,2EN (Motor 1) o 3,4EN (Motor 2) con frecuencias típicas de 1 kHz a 10 kHz. Cuando el pin de habilitación pasa a nivel BAJO, ambas salidas push-pull entran en estado de alta impedancia (Hi-Z), desconectando el motor de VCC2 y de tierra. El motor avanza por inercia mientras las corrientes residuales circulan a través de los diodos internos. La tensión media efectiva entregada es proporcional al ciclo de trabajo:\n\n$$V_{avg} = D \\cdot (V_{CC2} - 2.6\\text{V}) = \\frac{t_{on}}{T} \\cdot (V_{CC2} - 2.6\\text{V})$$\n\n### 4. Diodos de fijación internos y supresión de picos inductivos\nLos motores DC de imanes permanentes presentan una inductancia de devanado L. Cuando los transistores de conmutación se abren bruscamente, la energía almacenada induce un pico de tensión transitorio ($$V = -L \\cdot \\frac{di}{dt}$$). En el L293D, cada salida incorpora diodos de fijación rápidos conectados a VCC2 y GND:\n- Si la tensión supera VCC2, el diodo superior conduce fijando el terminal a $$V_{CC2} + V_F$$ (~VCC2 + 1.2V).\n- Si la tensión cae por debajo de tierra, el diodo inferior conduce fijando el nivel a $$-V_F$$ (~ -1.2V).\nEsto protege las uniones de los transistores contra la avalancha. Los condensadores cerámicos C4 y C5 (100nF) en paralelo con los motores eliminan el ruido de alta frecuencia del conmutador de escobillas.\n\n### 5. Líneas de alimentación separadas, protección shoot-through y desacoplamiento\nPara aislar la lógica digital de los transitorios del motor, U1 separa sus alimentaciones: VCC1 (Pin 16) alimenta comparadores lógicos y sensores térmicos, desacoplado por C1 (100nF cerámico). VCC2 (Pin 8) suministra exclusivamente los controladores de salida de alta corriente, desacoplado por el condensador electrolítico C2 (100µF, absorbe picos) y el cerámico C3 (100nF). Circuitos internos de retardo evitan la conducción simultánea de los transistores superior e inferior de una misma rama, eliminando corrientes shoot-through destructivas.",[26,29,32,35,38,41,44,47],{"label":27,"value":28},"Tensión de alimentación lógica (VCC1)","4.5V a 7.0V DC (Nominal 5.0V compatible con TTL\u002FCMOS)",{"label":30,"value":31},"Tensión de alimentación de motores (VCC2)","4.5V a 36.0V DC (Línea independiente de alta corriente)",{"label":33,"value":34},"Corriente de salida continua (por canal)","600 mA continua \u002F 1.2 A pico no repetitivo (\u003C100 µs)",{"label":36,"value":37},"Diodos de fijación y libre circulación","Integrados en el chip (600 mA continuo, 1.2 A pico)",{"label":39,"value":40},"Caída de tensión de saturación total","Típ. 2.6V (Darlington superior 1.4V + NPN inferior 1.2V a 600mA)",{"label":42,"value":43},"Resistencia térmica unión-ambiente (RθJA)","67 °C\u002FW (DIP-16 con pines de masa 4, 5, 12, 13 soldados a plano de cobre)",{"label":45,"value":46},"Temperatura máxima de unión operativa","+150 °C (El apagado térmico interno actúa típicamente a +165 °C)",{"label":48,"value":49},"Frecuencia recomendada de modulación PWM","1 kHz a 10 kHz (Optimizada para reducción de ruido acústico y pérdidas)",[51,52,53,54],"Robótica con tracción diferencial de dos ruedas y plataformas móviles autónomas","Actuadores de motor DC bidireccionales, husillos lineales y servomecanismos","Control de fase de motores paso a paso bipolares de 4 hilos en impresoras 3D y CNC","Regulación de velocidad PWM para ventiladores de 12V, microbombas y electroválvulas",[56,61,66,70],{"title":57,"trap":58,"solution":59,"severity":60},"Pérdida considerable por caída de saturación Darlington interna","Aplicar 12V en VCC2 produce únicamente unos 9.4V en los terminales del motor con 600mA de carga. Los principiantes confunden con frecuencia esta caída normal de 2.6V con un defecto en el motor o falta de corriente de la fuente.","Compense la tensión dimensionando VCC2 entre 2.5V y 3.0V por encima de la tensión nominal del motor (ej. 14.5V a 15V para motor de 12V), o use controladores DMOS\u002FCMOS modernos (DRV8833 o TB6612FNG) con muy baja caída RDS(on).","warning",{"title":62,"trap":63,"solution":64,"severity":65},"Disipación térmica elevada que requiere plano de masa como disipador","Operar dos motores DC a 500mA de forma continua desde 12V genera más de 2.6W de potencia térmica en U1. Sin disipación de cobre adecuada, la protección térmica se activa en segundos provocando cortes intermitentes.","Suelde los pines de masa 4, 5, 12 y 13 a un plano de masa amplio e ininterrumpido (mínimo 10 cm² en PCB de 1 oz) o instale un disipador clip-on DIP-16. Mantenga la potencia disipada sin disipador por debajo de 1.5W a 25 °C.","critical",{"title":67,"trap":68,"solution":69,"severity":65},"Corriente de bloqueo del motor superior al límite continuo de 600mA","Motores pequeños de 200mA en vacío pueden absorber picos de 1.5A a 3.0A si el eje se bloquea o durante inversiones rápidas de marcha. Superar el límite pico absoluto de 1.2A destruye de forma permanente los hilos de conexión internos o las uniones Darlington.","Mida la corriente de bloqueo del motor (V_motor \u002F R_devanado). Si supera 1.0A, programe rampas de aceleración PWM progresivas (soft-start), intercale un fusible rearmable PTC de 650mA o use una resistencia de sensado.",{"title":71,"trap":72,"solution":73,"severity":60},"Filtrado independiente para líneas de lógica (VCC1) y de potencia (VCC2)","Alimentar la lógica VCC1 y los motores VCC2 desde la misma línea no regulada sin suficiente filtrado inyecta transitorios inductivos que reinician el microcontrolador.","Alimente siempre VCC1 desde una línea de 5V regulada con condensador cerámico de 100nF junto al Pin 16. Alimente VCC2 desde una batería o fuente de potencia con electrolítico de al menos 100µF y cerámico de 100nF junto al Pin 8.",[75,93,127,149],{"name":76,"latexOrText":77,"description":78,"variables":79},"Tensión efectiva en terminales del motor","V_{M} = V_{CC2} - (V_{CE(sat,H)} + V_{CE(sat,L)}) = V_{CC2} - V_{drop}","Calcula la tensión diferencial real entregada al motor tras restar las caídas de saturación del transistor Darlington superior y el transistor NPN inferior.",[80,85,89],{"symbol":81,"name":82,"typicalValue":83,"unit":84},"V_{M}","Tensión diferencial efectiva en el motor","9.4","V",{"symbol":86,"name":87,"typicalValue":88,"unit":84},"V_{CC2}","Tensión de la fuente de alimentación de motores","12.0",{"symbol":90,"name":91,"typicalValue":92,"unit":84},"V_{drop}","Caída total de saturación del controlador","2.6",{"name":94,"latexOrText":95,"description":96,"variables":97},"Disipación de potencia total del controlador","P_{total} = (V_{drop} \\cdot I_{load1} + V_{drop} \\cdot I_{load2}) + (V_{CC1} \\cdot I_{CC1}) + (V_{CC2} \\cdot I_{CC2})","Determina la potencia eléctrica total disipada en forma de calor en el encapsulado L293D por pérdidas de conducción y corrientes de reposo.",[98,103,105,110,113,117,121,123],{"symbol":99,"name":100,"typicalValue":101,"unit":102},"P_{total}","Potencia térmica total disipada por el encapsulado","2.85","W",{"symbol":90,"name":104,"typicalValue":92,"unit":84},"Caída de saturación total del puente",{"symbol":106,"name":107,"typicalValue":108,"unit":109},"I_{load1}","Corriente continua de trabajo del Motor 1","0.5","A",{"symbol":111,"name":112,"typicalValue":108,"unit":109},"I_{load2}","Corriente continua de trabajo del Motor 2",{"symbol":114,"name":115,"typicalValue":116,"unit":84},"V_{CC1}","Tensión de la línea de lógica","5.0",{"symbol":118,"name":119,"typicalValue":120,"unit":109},"I_{CC1}","Corriente en reposo del circuito lógico","0.040",{"symbol":86,"name":122,"typicalValue":88,"unit":84},"Tensión de la línea de motores",{"symbol":124,"name":125,"typicalValue":126,"unit":109},"I_{CC2}","Corriente en reposo de las etapas de salida","0.004",{"name":128,"latexOrText":129,"description":130,"variables":131},"Aumento de temperatura en la unión de silicio","T_J = T_A + (P_{total} \\cdot R_{\\theta JA})","Calcula la temperatura de trabajo de la unión del chip en función de la potencia disipada, la temperatura ambiente y la resistencia térmica de la placa.",[132,137,141,144],{"symbol":133,"name":134,"typicalValue":135,"unit":136},"T_J","Temperatura calculada de la unión de silicio","115.0","°C",{"symbol":138,"name":139,"typicalValue":140,"unit":136},"T_A","Temperatura ambiente operativa","25.0",{"symbol":99,"name":142,"typicalValue":143,"unit":102},"Potencia total disipada","1.35",{"symbol":145,"name":146,"typicalValue":147,"unit":148},"R_{\\theta JA}","Resistencia térmica unión-ambiente con plano de cobre","67.0","°C\u002FW",{"name":150,"latexOrText":151,"description":152,"variables":153},"Tensión media entregada al motor mediante PWM","V_{avg} = D \\cdot V_{M} = \\frac{t_{on}}{T} \\cdot (V_{CC2} - V_{drop})","Calcula la tensión media DC suministrada al devanado del motor en función del ciclo de trabajo D inyectado en el pin de habilitación.",[154,158,163,165,167],{"symbol":155,"name":156,"typicalValue":157,"unit":84},"V_{avg}","Tensión media efectiva en el motor","4.7",{"symbol":159,"name":160,"typicalValue":161,"unit":162},"D","Ciclo de trabajo PWM (0.0 a 1.0)","0.50","ratio",{"symbol":81,"name":164,"typicalValue":83,"unit":84},"Tensión en terminales del motor con conducción plena",{"symbol":86,"name":166,"typicalValue":88,"unit":84},"Tensión de alimentación de motores",{"symbol":90,"name":168,"typicalValue":92,"unit":84},"Caída de saturación en el puente H",[170,179,186,190,197,204,209,214],{"refDes":171,"componentName":172,"value":173,"package":174,"quantity":175,"componentSlug":176,"role":177,"notes":178},"U1","Controlador de cuatro medios puentes H con diodos de fijación","L293D","PDIP-16",1,"l293d","Controlador doble de potencia en puente H para cargas inductivas","Texas Instruments L293DNE; 600 mA\u002Fcanal continuo, 1.2 A pico, alimentación de motor de 4.5V a 36V con diodos integrados.",{"refDes":180,"componentName":181,"value":182,"package":183,"quantity":175,"role":184,"notes":185},"M1","Motor DC de escobillas 1","12V DC Motor","Custom","Motor actuador de canales 1 y 2","Motor DC estándar de 12V de imanes permanentes con escobillas, corriente de carga nominal \u003C= 500 mA.",{"refDes":187,"componentName":188,"value":182,"package":183,"quantity":175,"role":189,"notes":185},"M2","Motor DC de escobillas 2","Motor actuador de canales 3 y 4",{"refDes":191,"componentName":192,"value":193,"package":194,"quantity":175,"role":195,"notes":196},"C1","Condensador cerámico de desacoplamiento","100nF","0805","Filtro de la línea de lógica VCC1","Murata GRM21BR71E104KA01L; 100nF 25V X7R cerámico, ubicado junto al Pin 16 de U1.",{"refDes":198,"componentName":199,"value":200,"package":201,"quantity":175,"role":202,"notes":203},"C2","Condensador electrolítico de aluminio","100µF","Radial","Reserva de energía de la línea de motores VCC2","Nichicon UVR1E101MDD; 100µF 25V electrolítico radial, absorbe picos de arranque y rizado de conmutación.",{"refDes":205,"componentName":206,"value":193,"package":194,"quantity":175,"role":207,"notes":208},"C3","Condensador cerámico de derivación","Filtro de alta frecuencia de la línea VCC2","Murata GRM21BR71H104KA01L; 100nF 50V X7R cerámico, deriva transitorios rápidos de conmutación en Pin 8 de U1.",{"refDes":210,"componentName":211,"value":193,"package":194,"quantity":175,"role":212,"notes":213},"C4","Condensador amortiguador snubber de motor 1","Supresión de chisporroteo y ruido electromagnético","Murata GRM21BR71H104KA01L; 100nF 50V X7R cerámico, soldado directamente en bornes del Motor 1.",{"refDes":215,"componentName":216,"value":193,"package":194,"quantity":175,"role":212,"notes":217},"C5","Condensador amortiguador snubber de motor 2","Murata GRM21BR71H104KA01L; 100nF 50V X7R cerámico, soldado directamente en bornes del Motor 2.",{"U1":219,"M1":232,"M2":240,"C1":245,"C2":254,"C3":262,"C4":268,"C5":273,"P1":277,"P2":286,"P3":294,"P4":301,"P5":308,"P6":315,"P7":322,"P8":330,"P9":338,"P10":346,"P11":352,"P12":357},{"refDes":171,"name":220,"value":221,"role":222,"description":223,"componentSlug":176,"footprint":224,"specs":225},"Controlador de cuatro medios puentes H L293D","L293DNE","CI controlador con doble puente H","Circuito integrado monolítico con dos puentes H completos independientes (cuatro canales push-pull) y diodos de fijación de alta tensión integrados.","PDIP-16 (NE) \u002F SOIC-16 (DW)",{"Alimentación de motores (VCC2)":226,"Alimentación lógica (VCC1)":227,"Corriente continua":228,"Corriente de salida pico":229,"Diodos de fijación":230,"Caída total de saturación":231},"4.5V to 36V","4.5V to 7.0V","600 mA \u002F canal","1.2 A \u002F canal","Integrados en el chip","Typ. 2.6V at 600mA",{"refDes":180,"name":181,"value":233,"role":234,"description":235,"footprint":236,"specs":237},"12V DC","Motor de carga principal","Motor DC bidireccional de imanes permanentes accionado de forma diferencial entre salidas 1Y (Pin 3) y 2Y (Pin 6).","Custom \u002F Lead Wires",{"Tensión nominal de funcionamiento":233,"Corriente de funcionamiento":238,"Interfaz de control":239},"\u003C= 500 mA","Diferencial 1Y \u002F 2Y",{"refDes":187,"name":188,"value":233,"role":241,"description":242,"footprint":236,"specs":243},"Motor de carga secundario","Motor DC bidireccional de imanes permanentes accionado de forma diferencial entre salidas 3Y (Pin 11) y 4Y (Pin 14).",{"Tensión nominal de funcionamiento":233,"Corriente de funcionamiento":238,"Interfaz de control":244},"Diferencial 3Y \u002F 4Y",{"refDes":191,"name":246,"value":193,"role":247,"description":248,"footprint":249,"specs":250},"Condensador de desacoplamiento lógico","Filtro de alta frecuencia de VCC1","Condensador cerámico de bajo ESR que filtra transitorios de conmutación lógica y previene disparos erróneos.","0805 SMD \u002F Radial 2.54mm",{"Capacitancia":251,"Tensión nominal":252,"Dieléctrico":253},"100 nF","25V","Cerámico X7R",{"refDes":198,"name":255,"value":200,"role":256,"description":257,"footprint":258,"specs":259},"Condensador de reserva para motores","Filtro de baja frecuencia de VCC2","Condensador electrolítico que almacena energía para compensar corrientes de arranque y caídas en la línea de motores.","Radial 5.0mm Lead Pitch",{"Capacitancia":260,"Tensión nominal":252,"Tipo":261},"100 µF","Electrolítico de aluminio",{"refDes":205,"name":263,"value":193,"role":264,"description":265,"footprint":249,"specs":266},"Condensador de derivación de motores","Derivación de alta frecuencia de VCC2","Condensador cerámico montado junto al Pin 8 para derivar a tierra picos rápidos provocados por el troceado PWM.",{"Capacitancia":251,"Tensión nominal":267,"Dieléctrico":253},"50V",{"refDes":210,"name":269,"value":193,"role":270,"description":271,"footprint":249,"specs":272},"Filtro amortiguador snubber de motor 1","Supresor de chispas y filtro EMI","Condensador cerámico conectado entre bornes del Motor 1 para suprimir chisporroteo de escobillas y emisiones RF.",{"Capacitancia":251,"Tensión nominal":267,"Dieléctrico":253},{"refDes":215,"name":274,"value":193,"role":270,"description":275,"footprint":249,"specs":276},"Filtro amortiguador snubber de motor 2","Condensador cerámico conectado entre bornes del Motor 2 para suprimir chisporroteo de escobillas y emisiones RF.",{"Capacitancia":251,"Tensión nominal":267,"Dieléctrico":253},{"refDes":278,"name":279,"value":280,"role":281,"description":282,"specs":283},"P1","Entrada de habilitación 1,2EN","EN1","Control PWM \u002F habilitación de Motor 1","Entrada de habilitación activa en ALTO para los canales 1 y 2. Admite señal PWM para regular la velocidad del Motor 1.",{"Tensión de nivel alto lógico":284,"Tensión de nivel bajo lógico":285},"2.3V to VCC1","-0.3V to 1.5V",{"refDes":287,"name":288,"value":289,"role":290,"description":291,"specs":292},"P2","Entrada de dirección 1A","IN1","Entrada del canal 1 del controlador","Entrada digital TTL que define la polaridad de la salida 1Y (Pin 3).",{"Nivel lógico":293},"5 V TTL\u002FCMOS",{"refDes":295,"name":296,"value":297,"role":298,"description":299,"specs":300},"P3","Entrada de dirección 2A","IN2","Entrada del canal 2 del controlador","Entrada digital TTL que define la polaridad de la salida 2Y (Pin 6).",{"Nivel lógico":293},{"refDes":302,"name":303,"value":304,"role":305,"description":306,"specs":307},"P4","Entrada de habilitación 3,4EN","EN2","Control PWM \u002F habilitación de Motor 2","Entrada de habilitación activa en ALTO para los canales 3 y 4. Admite señal PWM para regular la velocidad del Motor 2.",{"Tensión de nivel alto lógico":284,"Tensión de nivel bajo lógico":285},{"refDes":309,"name":310,"value":311,"role":312,"description":313,"specs":314},"P5","Entrada de dirección 3A","IN3","Entrada del canal 3 del controlador","Entrada digital TTL que define la polaridad de la salida 3Y (Pin 11).",{"Nivel lógico":293},{"refDes":316,"name":317,"value":318,"role":319,"description":320,"specs":321},"P6","Entrada de dirección 4A","IN4","Entrada del canal 4 del controlador","Entrada digital TTL que define la polaridad de la salida 4Y (Pin 14).",{"Nivel lógico":293},{"refDes":323,"name":324,"value":325,"role":326,"description":327,"specs":328},"P7","Línea de alimentación de lógica","+5V","Alimentación de lógica interna VCC1","Fuente de alimentación regulada de 5V DC para comparadores lógicos y compuertas de control.",{"Tensión nominal":329},"5.0V 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C3.",{"Potencial":345},{"refDes":358,"name":359,"value":341,"role":360,"description":361,"specs":362},"P12","Terminal de masa principal","Masa del dispositivo y disipador térmico","Punto común que une los pines disipadores de masa de U1 (4, 5, 12, 13) con la masa del circuito.",{"Potencial":345},{"schemaVersion":364,"id":18,"meta":365,"components":371,"nets":491,"junctions":598,"netLabels":631,"wires":632},"1.5",{"title":19,"locale":366,"grid":367,"source":368},"es",20,{"type":369,"ref":370,"url":17},"datasheet","Texas Instruments L293, L293D Quadruple High-Current Half-H Drivers (SLRS008D), Figure 10 \"Bidirectional DC Motor Control\"",[372,381,392,397,406,415,421,426,430,437,441,446,451,455,460,465,470,475,481,485],{"id":373,"symbolId":374,"refDes":171,"position":375,"rotation":378,"properties":379},"u1","ic.driver.l293d",{"x":376,"y":377},320,200,0,{"value":173,"package":174,"mpn":221,"manufacturer":380},"Texas 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3.3V\u002F5V.",7,4,"controlador de relé con bjt npn 2n2222 \u002F 2n2222a y diodo flyback 1n4007\ncircuito de conmutación de lado bajo con transistor bipolar npn para relé de 12v con diodo flyback 1n4007, excitación en saturación y desacoplo de alimentación para mcu de 3.3v\u002F5v.\ncontrolador de relé con bjt npn 2n2222 \u002F 2n2222a y diodo flyback 1n4007\ncircuito de conmutación de lado bajo con transistor bipolar npn para relé de 12v con diodo flyback 1n4007, excitación en saturación y desacoplo de alimentación para mcu de 3.3v\u002F5v.\n2n2222 \u002F 2n2222a npn bjt relay driver with 1n4007 flyback clamping diode\ndiscrete npn bipolar junction transistor low-side relay driver circuit with 1n4007 flyback suppression diode, base saturation drive, and supply decoupling for 3.3v\u002F5v mcu control.\nmicrocontroller_interfaces\ntransistor bipolar npn de uso general\n2n2222a\nq1\ndiodo rectificador \u002F fijador de uso general\n1n4007\nd1\nrelé subminiatura electromecánico spdt\ng5v-1-dc12\nk1\nresistencia limitadora de base 1 kω\n1kω\nr1\nresistencia pull-down de base 10 kω\n10kω\nr2\ncondensador cerámico de desacoplo mlcc\n100nf 50v\nc1\ncondensador electrolítico de desacoplo de aluminio\n47µf 25v\nc2",{"slug":982,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"supplyVoltage":983,"voltageSpecification":984,"signalDomain":975,"breadboardFriendly":14,"title":987,"shortDescription":988,"bomCount":989,"formulaCount":979,"search":990},"bss138-bidirectional-i2c-level-shifter",[968,969],{"kind":972,"value":985,"label":986},"+3,3 V CC nominal (rango operativo de +1,65 V a +3,6 V)","Alimentación de baja tensión (VDD1)","Desplazador de nivel bidireccional I2C de 3,3 V a 5 V con BSS138","Traductor de nivel de tensión bidireccional para bus I2C que interconecta dominios lógicos de 3,3 V y 5 V mediante dos MOSFET de canal N onsemi BSS138 con resistencias pull-up y desacoplo de alimentación.",8,"desplazador de nivel bidireccional i2c de 3,3 v a 5 v con bss138\ntraductor de nivel de tensión bidireccional para bus i2c que interconecta dominios lógicos de 3,3 v y 5 v mediante dos mosfet de canal n onsemi bss138 con resistencias pull-up y desacoplo de alimentación.\ndesplazador de nivel bidireccional i2c de 3,3 v a 5 v con bss138\ntraductor de nivel de tensión bidireccional para bus i2c que interconecta dominios lógicos de 3,3 v y 5 v mediante dos mosfet de canal n onsemi bss138 con resistencias pull-up y desacoplo de alimentación.\nbss138 bidirectional i2c 3.3v to 5v level shifter\nbidirectional i2c bus voltage level translator interfacing 3.3v and 5v logic domains using two onsemi bss138 n-channel mosfets with pull-up resistors and decoupled supplies.\nmicrocontroller_interfaces\nmosfet de nivel lógico de canal n\nbss138\nq1\nmosfet de nivel lógico de canal n\nbss138\nq2\nresistencia chip smd\n10kω\nr1\nresistencia chip smd\n10kω\nr2\nresistencia chip smd\n10kω\nr3\nresistencia chip smd\n10kω\nr4\ncondensador cerámico multicapa\n100nf\nc1\ncondensador cerámico multicapa\n100nf\nc2",{"slug":992,"cluster":20,"tier":21,"supplyVoltage":993,"voltageSpecification":994,"signalDomain":975,"breadboardFriendly":14,"title":998,"shortDescription":999,"bomCount":989,"formulaCount":1000,"search":1001},"esp32-auto-reset-flashing-circuit",[968],{"kind":995,"value":996,"label":997},"logic","3,3 V (VDD33 en la DevKitC V4)","Nivel lógico de funcionamiento","Circuito de reinicio automático y arranque del ESP32 (DTR\u002FRTS)","El circuito de dos transistores de las placas de desarrollo de Espressif con el que esptool, Arduino IDE y PlatformIO reinician un ESP32 y arrancan su bootloader serie a través de las líneas DTR y RTS de un puente USB-UART, sin pulsar botones.",3,"circuito de reinicio automático y arranque del esp32 (dtr\u002Frts)\nel circuito de dos transistores de las placas de desarrollo de espressif con el que esptool, arduino ide y platformio reinician un esp32 y arrancan su bootloader serie a través de las líneas dtr y rts de un puente usb-uart, sin pulsar botones.\ncircuito de reinicio automático y arranque del esp32 (dtr\u002Frts)\nel circuito de dos transistores de las placas de desarrollo de espressif con el que esptool, arduino ide y platformio reinician un esp32 y arrancan su bootloader serie a través de las líneas dtr y rts de un puente usb-uart, sin pulsar botones.\nesp32 auto-reset and boot circuit (dtr\u002Frts)\nthe two-transistor circuit from espressif development boards that lets esptool, arduino ide and platformio reset an esp32 and start its serial bootloader through the dtr and rts lines of a usb-to-uart bridge, with no buttons pressed.\nmicrocontroller_interfaces\ntransistor npn de pequeña señal\n2n3904\nq1\ntransistor npn de pequeña señal\n2n3904\nq2\nresistencia\n10kω\nr1\nresistencia\n10kω\nr2\nresistencia\n10kω\nr3\ncondensador cerámico\n1µf\nc1\npulsador táctil\nboot\nsw1\npulsador táctil\nen\nsw2",1793836430651]