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Pi","families.raspberry-pi.description",[868,873,878],{"id":14,"publisher":11,"title":869,"documentType":870,"url":871,"version":872,"accessedDate":19},"Raspberry Pi Hardware Documentation — GPIO and the 40-Pin Header","reference_manual","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.raspberrypi.com\u002Fdocumentation\u002Fcomputers\u002Fraspberry-pi.html#gpio-and-the-40-pin-header","Release 2024",{"id":15,"publisher":11,"title":874,"documentType":875,"url":876,"version":877,"accessedDate":19},"BCM2711 ARM Peripherals (Raspberry Pi 4B & Compute Module 4)","datasheet","https:\u002F\u002Fdatasheets.raspberrypi.com\u002Fbcm2711\u002Fbcm2711-peripherals.pdf","v2.0",{"id":16,"publisher":11,"title":879,"documentType":880,"url":881,"version":882,"accessedDate":19},"Raspberry Pi HAT+ \u002F HAT Design Guide & EEPROM Specification","user_guide","https:\u002F\u002Fdatasheets.raspberrypi.com\u002Fhat\u002Fhat-plus-specification.pdf","v1.0",[884,887,890,893],{"slug":885,"name":886},"raspberry-pi-pico","Raspberry Pi Pico",{"slug":888,"name":889},"arduino-mega-2560","Arduino Mega 2560 Rev3",{"slug":891,"name":892},"arduino-pro-mini","Arduino Pro Mini",{"slug":894,"name":895},"nodemcu-v2-cp2102","NodeMCU v2 Amica (ESP8266)",[],[],{"title":899,"description":900,"card":901,"intro":902,"safe":903,"adc":904,"interfaces":905,"strapping":906,"input":907,"overview":908},"Cabezal de Expansión Universal GPIO de 40 Pines Raspberry Pi (5, 4, 3, Zero)","Diagrama interactivo completo del cabezal GPIO estandarizado de 40 pines de Raspberry Pi (Pi 5, 4B, 3B+, 3, 2, Zero 2W). Mapeo BCM y físico, buses I2C, SPI, UART, PWM, I2S y especificaciones de 3,3 V sin tolerancia a 5V.","Cabezal estandarizado de 40 pines presente en Raspberry Pi (5, 4, 3, Zero) con mapeo BCM GPIO, I2C, SPI, UART y PCM.","Esta página documenta el cabezal de expansión GPIO estandarizado de 40 pines (conector J8) compartido por todos los ordenadores monoplaca Raspberry Pi modernos — incluidos Raspberry Pi 5, 4B, 3B+, 3, 2, 1B+, Zero y Zero 2 W. Constituye el estándar unificado para conectar sensores, módulos y placas de expansión HAT, ofreciendo 28 líneas digitales (GPIO BCM), líneas de 3,3 V y 5V, I2C, SPI, UART, PWM y audio I2S\u002FPCM.","Precaución: los procesadores Broadcom de Raspberry Pi funcionan exclusivamente con niveles lógicos de 3,3 V y NO toleran 5V. Aplicar 5V a cualquier pin GPIO destruirá el procesador. La corriente máxima por pin es de 16 mA y el consumo conjunto de 3,3 V no debe superar 50 mA.","Raspberry Pi no incluye convertidores analógico-digitales (ADC) en su cabezal de 40 pines. Para sensores analógicos se requiere un ADC externo conectado por I2C o SPI (como ADS1115 o MCP3008).","Interfaces principales: I2C1 en los pines 3 (SDA) y 5 (SCL) con resistencias pull-up de 1.8 kΩ integradas; SPI0 en los pines 19 (MOSI), 21 (MISO), 23 (SCLK), 24 (CE0) y 26 (CE1); UART0 en los pines 8 (TX) y 10 (RX); PWM hardware en GPIO 12, 13, 18, 19; audio I2S\u002FPCM en GPIO 18, 19, 20, 21.","Los pines 27 (ID_SD) y 28 (ID_SC) están reservados exclusivamente para la EEPROM de identificación HAT en el bus I2C0. No deben emplearse como GPIO convencional ni para sensores para evitar conflictos en el arranque.","Las 28 líneas BCM GPIO permiten configurar por software resistencias internas de pull-up\u002Fpull-down, interrupciones por flanco y corriente de salida configurable entre 2 y 16 mA por pin.",{"summary":909,"power":910,"notes":914,"useCases":918,"before":922},"Cabezal de expansión estandarizado de 40 pines (J8) con paso de 2.54 mm, común a los modelos Raspberry Pi (5, 4B, 3B+, 3, Zero). Da acceso a 28 líneas GPIO BCM, I2C, SPI, UART, PWM, I2S y alimentación de 3,3 V y 5V.",{"usbc":911,"pins":912,"poe":913},"Entrada de alimentación USB Type-C (5V DC, recomendado 5V\u002F3A para Pi 4 o 5V\u002F5A PD para Pi 5)","Pines 2 y 4 (5V) y pines 1 y 17 (3,3 V) del cabezal para alimentar periféricos o alimentar la placa","Alimentación a través de Ethernet (HAT PoE \u002F PoE+) mediante el cabezal de 4 pines dedicado",{"logic":915,"hat_id":916,"bcm_vs_phys":917},"Lógica estricta de 3,3 V: los pines GPIO NO toleran 5V. Emplee convertidores de nivel bidireccionales.","Los pines 27 y 28 están reservados para la EEPROM de identificación HAT al arrancar.","Preste especial atención a los números físicos de los pines (1-40) frente a la numeración BCM GPIO (0-27).",{"hats":919,"automation":920,"iot":921},"Conexión de accesorios HAT oficiales y de terceros (DACs de audio, pantallas, relés).","Automatización industrial y doméstica, robótica, motores paso a paso y relés.","Estaciones ambientales y pasarelas IoT con sensores digitales I2C, SPI y 1-Wire.",{"no_5v":923,"adjacent_5v":924,"hat_eeprom":925},"Nunca aplique más de 3,3 V a ningún pin GPIO. Superar los 3,3 V dañará irremediablemente el chip Broadcom.","Extrema el cuidado al medir en los pines 2 y 4 (5V); un cortocircuito accidental con el pin 1 (3,3 V) o el pin 3 (GPIO 2) destruirá de forma permanente la placa.","No uses los pines 27 y 28 para funciones normales de GPIO.",1791754288536]