[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":265},["ShallowReactive",2],{"component:lm393:en":3},{"component":4,"localizationFallbackIssues":213,"related":214,"equivalentSlugs":264},{"schemaVersion":5,"governance":6,"id":18,"mpn":19,"slug":18,"primaryCategory":20,"manufacturers":21,"lifecycleStatus":23,"shortDescription":24,"deepTechnicalOverview":25,"packages":26,"absoluteMaximums":85,"recommendedOperating":93,"parametricAttributes":94,"gotchas":156,"datasheetUrl":17,"documentationSources":176,"applicationCircuits":185,"equivalents":190,"mountedOnBoards":201,"seo":202},"1.0.0",{"publication":7,"verification":10,"provenance":15},{"status":8,"publishedDate":9},"published","2026-11-03",{"status":11,"verifiedDate":9,"verifiedBy":12,"checklist":13},"verified","Gemini (independent manufacturer documentary\u002Ftechnical\u002Fpackage review against TI SLCS005AH; owner publication GO; no bench or native-human claim)",{"schema":14,"technicalFacts":14,"relationships":14,"sources":14},true,{"sourceUrls":16},[17],"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ti.com\u002Flit\u002Fds\u002Fsymlink\u002Flm393.pdf","lm393","LM393P","op_amp_comparator",[22],"Texas Instruments","active","Industry-standard dual differential comparator with open-collector outputs, single-supply (2V to 36V) or dual-supply (±1V to ±18V) operation, low power consumption, and true ground-level sensing.","The LM393 is an industry-standard dual differential comparator manufactured by Texas Instruments (Document SLCS005, revised April 2025). Housed in an 8-pin through-hole PDIP package (P designation) and surface-mount SOIC-8 (D designation), it integrates two independent precision voltage comparators designed to operate from a single power supply over a wide voltage span from 2V to 36V (or ±1V to ±18V split supplies). The LM393 features an open-collector NPN output architecture capable of driving loads up to 36V independently of the VCC supply rail, facilitating seamless level-shifting and direct interfacing with TTL, DTL, ECL, MOS, and CMOS logic circuits. Its PNP differential input pair provides true ground sensing with an input common-mode range that extends down to 0V (the negative supply rail), enabling direct detection of ground-referenced signals without negative bias rails. With a typical quiescent supply current of only 0.8mA for both comparators combined, an open-loop voltage gain of 200 V\u002FmV (106 dB), typical response time of 1.3µs, and low input offset voltage (2mV typ, 5mV max), the LM393 is universally utilized in zero-crossing detectors, window comparators, threshold switches, Schmitt triggers, oscillator circuits, and mixed-voltage level translation interfaces.",[27,71],{"packageType":28,"pinCount":29,"pitchMm":30,"thermalResistanceThetaJA":31,"thermalResistanceThetaJC":32,"pins":33},"PDIP-8",8,2.54,85,66.8,[34,40,45,49,55,59,63,67],{"pinNumber":35,"pinName":36,"electricalType":37,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":39},1,"1OUT","open_drain","none","Channel 1 open-collector output terminal (requires external pull-up resistor to logic supply rail)",{"pinNumber":41,"pinName":42,"electricalType":43,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":44},2,"1IN-","analog_in","Channel 1 inverting input terminal (-)",{"pinNumber":46,"pinName":47,"electricalType":43,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":48},3,"1IN+","Channel 1 non-inverting input terminal (+)",{"pinNumber":50,"pinName":51,"electricalType":52,"isFiveVoltTolerant":53,"internalPull":38,"description":54},4,"GND","ground",false,"Ground \u002F negative supply terminal (connects to 0V ground in single-supply or negative rail V- in split-supply operation)",{"pinNumber":56,"pinName":57,"electricalType":43,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":58},5,"2IN+","Channel 2 non-inverting input terminal (+)",{"pinNumber":60,"pinName":61,"electricalType":43,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":62},6,"2IN-","Channel 2 inverting input terminal (-)",{"pinNumber":64,"pinName":65,"electricalType":37,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":66},7,"2OUT","Channel 2 open-collector output terminal (requires external pull-up resistor to logic supply rail)",{"pinNumber":29,"pinName":68,"electricalType":69,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":70},"VCC","power_in","Positive power supply terminal (single supply 2V to 36V, or positive rail up to +18V in split-supply operation)",{"packageType":72,"pinCount":29,"pitchMm":73,"thermalResistanceThetaJA":74,"thermalResistanceThetaJC":75,"pins":76},"SOIC-8",1.27,125,80,[77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84],{"pinNumber":35,"pinName":36,"electricalType":37,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":39},{"pinNumber":41,"pinName":42,"electricalType":43,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":44},{"pinNumber":46,"pinName":47,"electricalType":43,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":48},{"pinNumber":50,"pinName":51,"electricalType":52,"isFiveVoltTolerant":53,"internalPull":38,"description":54},{"pinNumber":56,"pinName":57,"electricalType":43,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":58},{"pinNumber":60,"pinName":61,"electricalType":43,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":62},{"pinNumber":64,"pinName":65,"electricalType":37,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":66},{"pinNumber":29,"pinName":68,"electricalType":69,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":70},{"supplyVoltageMaxV":86,"inputVoltageMaxV":86,"outputCurrentMaxA":87,"operatingTempMinC":88,"operatingTempMaxC":89,"storageTempMinC":90,"storageTempMaxC":91,"esdHbmV":92},36,0.02,0,70,-65,150,1000,{"supplyVoltageMinV":41,"supplyVoltageTypV":56,"supplyVoltageMaxV":86,"ambientTempMinC":88,"ambientTempMaxC":89},[95,100,107,112,118,124,130,136,141,146,151],{"symbol":96,"name":97,"typicalValue":41,"maxValue":56,"unit":98,"testCondition":99},"VIO","Input Offset Voltage","mV","VCC = 5 V to 30 V, VICR = 0 V, VO = 1.4 V, TA = 25°C",{"symbol":101,"name":102,"typicalValue":103,"maxValue":104,"unit":105,"testCondition":106},"IIB","Input Bias Current",-25,-250,"nA","VO = 1.4 V, TA = 25°C (current flows out of input pins)",{"symbol":108,"name":109,"typicalValue":56,"maxValue":110,"unit":105,"testCondition":111},"IIO","Input Offset Current",50,"VO = 1.4 V, TA = 25°C",{"symbol":113,"name":114,"typicalValue":115,"minValue":88,"unit":116,"testCondition":117},"VICR","Common-Mode Input Voltage Range","0 to (VCC) - 1.5","V","VCC = 5 V to 30 V, TA = 25°C; linear operation extends to ground (0 V)",{"symbol":119,"name":120,"typicalValue":121,"minValue":110,"unit":122,"testCondition":123},"AVD","Large-Signal Differential Voltage Amplification",200,"V\u002FmV","VCC = 15 V, VO = 1.4 V to 11.4 V, RL >= 15 kΩ connected to VCC, TA = 25°C",{"symbol":125,"name":126,"typicalValue":127,"unit":128,"testCondition":129},"tRESP","Large-Signal Response Time",1.3,"µs","100 mV input step with 5 mV overdrive, RL = 5.1 kΩ connected to 5 V, CL = 15 pF, TA = 25°C",{"symbol":131,"name":132,"typicalValue":133,"maxValue":35,"unit":134,"testCondition":135},"ICC","Total Quiescent Supply Current",0.8,"mA","VCC = 5 V, RL = ∞ (both comparators), TA = 25°C",{"symbol":137,"name":138,"typicalValue":91,"maxValue":139,"unit":98,"testCondition":140},"VOL","Low-Level Output Saturation Voltage",400,"ISINK \u003C= 4 mA, VID = -1 V, TA = 25°C",{"symbol":142,"name":143,"typicalValue":144,"minValue":60,"unit":134,"testCondition":145},"ISINK","Output Sink Current Capability",16,"VID = -1 V, VO = 1.5 V, TA = 25°C",{"symbol":147,"name":148,"typicalValue":149,"maxValue":92,"unit":105,"testCondition":150},"IOH","High-Level Output Leakage Current",0.1,"VID = 1 V, VO = 30 V, TA = 25°C",{"symbol":152,"name":153,"typicalValue":154,"maxValue":86,"unit":116,"testCondition":155},"VID_max","Differential Input Voltage Rating","±36","Maximum differential voltage between IN+ and IN- without latch-up or damage",[157,162,166,171],{"title":158,"severity":159,"description":160,"mitigationStrategy":161},"Mandatory External Pull-Up Resistor (Open-Collector Output)","critical","The LM393 output stage consists solely of an uncommitted NPN bipolar transistor with an open collector connected to the output pin and emitter tied to GND. Unlike operational amplifiers with push-pull Class-AB output stages, the LM393 cannot actively source current or pull the output pin high on its own. Leaving the output unconnected or without an external pull-up resistor leaves the output pin floating in a high-impedance state when the output transistor turns off, producing no defined high logic level.","Always connect an external pull-up resistor between each output pin (1OUT, 2OUT) and a positive power rail. The pull-up voltage is independent of VCC and may connect to 3.3V, 5V, 12V, or up to 36V to interface with different logic families. Choose a pull-up resistance typically between 1 kΩ and 10 kΩ: lower resistance accelerates low-to-high transition speed across parasitic load capacitance, while higher resistance reduces static power dissipation when sinking current (ISINK \u003C= 4 mA).",{"title":163,"severity":159,"description":164,"mitigationStrategy":165},"Input Common-Mode Ceiling Limitation (VCC - 1.5 V)","The PNP differential input pair requires at least 1.5 V headroom below the positive supply rail VCC at 25°C (2.0 V over full operating temperature) to keep the internal constant-current source out of saturation. Exceeding (VCC - 1.5 V) on either input while the other remains within range forces the input stage into saturation. If an input voltage exceeds VCC by more than 0.3 V, forward-biasing the internal substrate PN junction can cause false output phase inversion or parasitic SCR latch-up.","Ensure both input voltages remain strictly between GND (0 V) and (VCC - 1.5 V). In a 5 V single-supply configuration, ensure input signals do not exceed 3.5 V. When monitoring signals near or above VCC, implement a resistive voltage divider to scale the signal down into the valid common-mode window, or power the comparator from a higher supply rail.",{"title":167,"severity":168,"description":169,"mitigationStrategy":170},"Parasitic Output Oscillation Without Hysteresis","warning","Because the LM393 has an open-loop gain exceeding 100 dB (200,000 V\u002FV) and fast sub-microsecond response time, input noise in the microvolt to millivolt range causes violent rapid switching (chatter or bursts of high-frequency oscillation) whenever an analog input signal transitions slowly through the comparison threshold. Fast output edges can also capacitively couple back into high-impedance input traces, generating parasitic regenerative oscillation.","Always incorporate positive feedback (Schmitt trigger hysteresis) when processing slowly changing analog inputs. Connect a high-value resistor (typically 100 kΩ to 1 MΩ) between the output pin and the non-inverting input (IN+). This creates a distinct upper and lower switching threshold (typically 10 mV to 50 mV hysteresis band) that cleanly suppresses threshold chatter and eliminates output oscillation.",{"title":172,"severity":173,"description":174,"mitigationStrategy":175},"Termination of Unused Comparator Channels","info","The LM393 package houses two independent comparator channels. If one channel is left unused with its input terminals floating, atmospheric electromagnetic noise and internal parasitic capacitive coupling cause the unused comparator to switch randomly. This rapid toggling injects switching noise into the VCC supply rail and ground return, increasing power consumption and potentially disturbing the active comparator channel.","Properly terminate the unused channel by holding its output in a known, stable state. Connect the unused non-inverting input (IN+) directly to circuit ground (0 V), connect the inverting input (IN-) to a stable DC reference voltage within the common-mode input range (such as mid-supply or a divided rail, or through a resistor to VCC if within VICR), and leave the unused open-collector output pin floating (unconnected) so that zero current is wasted.",[177],{"title":178,"url":17,"type":179,"authority":180,"publisher":22,"documentNumber":181,"revision":182,"releaseDate":183,"language":184},"LM193, LM293, LM393, LM2903 Dual Differential Comparators","datasheet","primary","SLCS005","Rev. AH","2025-04","EN",[186],{"title":187,"schematicSlug":188,"topology":189},"LM393 Precision Voltage Comparator with Hysteresis","lm393-comparator","Non-inverting Schmitt trigger comparator with 48.5 mV hysteresis deadband, 2.50 V midpoint reference divider, and open-collector output.",[191,195,198],{"equivalentMpn":192,"manufacturer":22,"compatibilityType":193,"parameterDifferences":194},"LM2903P","pin_to_pin_drop_in","Automotive and extended industrial temperature range (-40°C to 125°C); maximum supply voltage rated to 26V (classic) or 36V (B-version); identical pinout and open-collector architecture.",{"equivalentMpn":196,"manufacturer":22,"compatibilityType":193,"parameterDifferences":197},"LM393AP","Precision variant featuring tighter input offset voltage (VIO \u003C= 2 mV max vs 5 mV max) and lower input offset current (IIO \u003C= 25 nA max).",{"equivalentMpn":199,"manufacturer":22,"compatibilityType":193,"parameterDifferences":200},"LM293P","Industrial temperature range (-25°C to 85°C) with identical pinout and open-collector output characteristics.",[],{"canonicalUrl":203,"metaTitle":204,"metaDescription":205,"primarySearchCluster":206,"structuredDataSchema":212},"https:\u002F\u002Fcircuitbase.tech\u002Fcomponent\u002Flm393","LM393 Dual Comparator Pinout & Specs | CircuitBase","Texas Instruments LM393 dual differential comparator pinout (DIP-8), 2V..36V single supply, open-collector pull-up rules, and electrical specifications.",[207,208,209,210,211],"lm393 pinout","lm393 datasheet","lm393 dual comparator","lm393 dip-8","lm393 pull up","Product",null,[215,227,241,252],{"id":216,"slug":216,"mpn":217,"primaryCategory":20,"manufacturers":218,"shortDescription":219,"packages":220,"packageTypes":222,"voltage":223,"recommendedOperating":226},"lm358","LM358P",[22],"Industry-standard dual operational amplifier designed for single-supply (3V to 32V) or split-supply (±1.5V to ±16V) operation with true ground sensing, 0.7MHz bandwidth, and low supply current.",[221],{"packageType":28,"pinCount":29},[28],{"context":224,"min":46,"max":225,"typical":56},"supply",30,{"supplyVoltageMinV":46,"supplyVoltageTypV":56,"supplyVoltageMaxV":225},{"id":228,"slug":228,"mpn":229,"primaryCategory":20,"manufacturers":230,"shortDescription":231,"packages":232,"packageTypes":237,"voltage":238,"recommendedOperating":240},"lm386","LM386N-1",[22],"Low-voltage mono audio power amplifier with an internal gain of 20, adjustable to 200, that drives a 4–32 Ω speaker from a 4–12 V supply with a handful of external parts.",[233,234,235],{"packageType":28,"pinCount":29},{"packageType":72,"pinCount":29},{"packageType":236,"pinCount":29},"VSSOP-8",[28,72,236],{"context":224,"min":50,"max":239,"typical":-1},12,{"supplyVoltageMinV":50,"supplyVoltageTypV":-1,"supplyVoltageMaxV":239},{"id":242,"slug":242,"mpn":243,"primaryCategory":20,"manufacturers":244,"shortDescription":245,"packages":246,"packageTypes":248,"voltage":249,"recommendedOperating":251},"lmc6482","LMC6482AIM\u002FNOPB",[22],"Dual CMOS rail-to-rail input and output operational amplifier in SOIC-8, with 20 fA typical input bias current and 82 dB typical CMRR under specified conditions; recommended total supply span is 3.0 V to 15.5 V.",[247],{"packageType":72,"pinCount":29},[72],{"context":224,"min":46,"max":250,"typical":-1},15.5,{"supplyVoltageMinV":46,"supplyVoltageTypV":-1,"supplyVoltageMaxV":250},{"id":253,"slug":253,"mpn":254,"primaryCategory":20,"manufacturers":255,"shortDescription":256,"packages":257,"packageTypes":260,"voltage":261,"recommendedOperating":263},"ne5532","NE5532P",[22],"Industry-standard dual low-noise high-speed audio operational amplifier featuring 5 nV\u002F√Hz input noise voltage, 10 MHz unity-gain bandwidth, and 9 V\u002Fµs slew rate.",[258,259],{"packageType":28,"pinCount":29},{"packageType":72,"pinCount":29},[28,72],{"context":224,"min":60,"max":262,"typical":225},40,{"supplyVoltageMinV":60,"supplyVoltageTypV":225,"supplyVoltageMaxV":262},{},1793836425000]