[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":246},["ShallowReactive",2],{"component:lm2596:en":3},{"component":4,"localizationFallbackIssues":192,"related":193,"equivalentSlugs":245},{"schemaVersion":5,"governance":6,"id":18,"mpn":19,"slug":18,"primaryCategory":20,"manufacturers":21,"lifecycleStatus":23,"shortDescription":24,"deepTechnicalOverview":25,"packages":26,"absoluteMaximums":68,"recommendedOperating":77,"parametricAttributes":80,"gotchas":147,"datasheetUrl":17,"documentationSources":166,"applicationCircuits":175,"equivalents":180,"mountedOnBoards":181,"seo":182},"1.0.0",{"publication":7,"verification":10,"provenance":15},{"status":8,"publishedDate":9},"published","2026-11-03",{"status":11,"verifiedDate":9,"verifiedBy":12,"checklist":13},"verified","Gemini (TI SNVS124G primary datasheet documentary, electrical limits, pinout triangulation and 6-locale review; owner publication GO; no bench or native-human claim)",{"schema":14,"technicalFacts":14,"relationships":14,"sources":14},true,{"sourceUrls":16},[17],"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ti.com\u002Flit\u002Fds\u002Fsymlink\u002Flm2596.pdf","lm2596","LM2596","voltage_regulator",[22],"Texas Instruments","active","Step-down switching voltage regulator capable of driving a 3A load with 150 kHz fixed frequency, 40V input range, internal thermal shutdown, and cycle-by-cycle current limiting in TO-220 and TO-263 packages.","The LM2596 is a monolithic integrated circuit manufactured by Texas Instruments (SIMPLE SWITCHER® series, Document SNVS124G, Revised March 2023) providing all active functions for a step-down (buck) switching regulator capable of driving a 3A load with excellent line and load regulation. Operating at a fixed switching frequency of 150 kHz, the LM2596 allows smaller filtering components than lower-frequency switching regulators. Available in 5-lead TO-220 (through-hole) and TO-263 (surface-mount) packages with pinout VIN, OUTPUT, GND, FEEDBACK, and ON\u002FOFF (with the tab internally connected to GND), the device operates over a 4.5V to 40V input voltage range. It features an internal 3A NPN power switch with a typical saturation voltage of 1.16V at 3A, a 1.23V internal bandgap reference for adjustable configurations, quiescent current of 5.0 mA operating and 80 µA in shutdown mode, external shutdown via a TTL\u002FCMOS-compatible ON\u002FOFF pin, cycle-by-cycle current limit protection at 4.5A typical, and thermal shutdown under fault conditions.",[27,59],{"packageType":28,"pinCount":29,"pitchMm":30,"thermalResistanceThetaJA":31,"thermalResistanceThetaJC":32,"pins":33},"TO-220-5",5,1.7,32,2,[34,40,45,50,55],{"pinNumber":35,"pinName":36,"electricalType":37,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":39},1,"VIN","power_in","none","DC supply input voltage terminal (4.5V to 40V continuous operating range; requires low-ESR bypass capacitor located close to the IC and ground)",{"pinNumber":32,"pinName":41,"electricalType":42,"isFiveVoltTolerant":43,"internalPull":38,"description":44},"OUTPUT","power_out",false,"Internal 3A NPN power switch emitter output (switches at 150 kHz between ~VIN - 1.2V and Schottky diode forward drop below ground)",{"pinNumber":46,"pinName":47,"electricalType":48,"isFiveVoltTolerant":43,"internalPull":38,"description":49},3,"GND","ground","Circuit ground reference and thermal substrate connection (internally connected to the metallic mounting tab)",{"pinNumber":51,"pinName":52,"electricalType":53,"isFiveVoltTolerant":43,"internalPull":38,"description":54},4,"FEEDBACK","analog_in","Output voltage feedback sense terminal (senses regulated output voltage and regulates against internal 1.23V reference)",{"pinNumber":29,"pinName":56,"electricalType":57,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":58},"ON\u002FOFF","input_only","Shutdown control input (active-low: \u003C= 0.6V or floating activates switching regulator; >= 2.0V up to 25V places device into 80 µA standby mode)",{"packageType":60,"pinCount":29,"pitchMm":30,"thermalResistanceThetaJA":61,"thermalResistanceThetaJC":32,"pins":62},"TO-263-5",36,[63,64,65,66,67],{"pinNumber":35,"pinName":36,"electricalType":37,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":39},{"pinNumber":32,"pinName":41,"electricalType":42,"isFiveVoltTolerant":43,"internalPull":38,"description":44},{"pinNumber":46,"pinName":47,"electricalType":48,"isFiveVoltTolerant":43,"internalPull":38,"description":49},{"pinNumber":51,"pinName":52,"electricalType":53,"isFiveVoltTolerant":43,"internalPull":38,"description":54},{"pinNumber":29,"pinName":56,"electricalType":57,"isFiveVoltTolerant":14,"internalPull":38,"description":58},{"supplyVoltageMaxV":69,"inputVoltageMaxV":70,"outputCurrentMaxA":71,"operatingTempMinC":72,"operatingTempMaxC":73,"storageTempMinC":74,"storageTempMaxC":75,"esdHbmV":76},45,25,4.5,-40,125,-65,150,2000,{"supplyVoltageMinV":71,"supplyVoltageTypV":78,"supplyVoltageMaxV":79,"ambientTempMinC":72,"ambientTempMaxC":73},12,40,[81,89,97,103,111,118,125,130,136,141],{"symbol":82,"name":83,"typicalValue":84,"minValue":85,"maxValue":86,"unit":87,"testCondition":88},"fOSC","Oscillator Frequency","150",127,173,"kHz","VIN = 12 V, IO = 0.5 A, TJ = 25°C",{"symbol":90,"name":91,"typicalValue":92,"minValue":93,"maxValue":94,"unit":95,"testCondition":96},"VREF","Feedback Reference Voltage","1.230",1.193,1.267,"V","LM2596-ADJ, VIN = 12 V, IO = 0.5 A, TJ = 25°C",{"symbol":98,"name":99,"typicalValue":100,"maxValue":101,"unit":95,"testCondition":102},"VSAT","Internal Switch Saturation Voltage","1.16",1.4,"IOUT = 3.0 A, TJ = 25°C",{"symbol":104,"name":105,"typicalValue":106,"minValue":107,"maxValue":108,"unit":109,"testCondition":110},"ICL","Current Limit","4.5",3.6,6.9,"A","Peak switch current, TJ = 25°C",{"symbol":112,"name":113,"typicalValue":114,"maxValue":115,"unit":116,"testCondition":117},"IQ","Quiescent Operating Current","5.0",10,"mA","Feedback pin = 5 V (not switching), TJ = 25°C",{"symbol":119,"name":120,"typicalValue":121,"maxValue":122,"unit":123,"testCondition":124},"ISTBY","Standby Quiescent Current","80",200,"µA","ON\u002FOFF pin = 5 V (shutdown mode), TJ = 25°C",{"symbol":126,"name":127,"typicalValue":128,"minValue":32,"maxValue":70,"unit":95,"testCondition":129},"VIH","ON\u002FOFF Logic High Input Threshold","1.3","Regulator OFF (shutdown mode), TJ = 25°C",{"symbol":131,"name":132,"typicalValue":128,"minValue":133,"maxValue":134,"unit":95,"testCondition":135},"VIL","ON\u002FOFF Logic Low Input Threshold",-0.3,0.6,"Regulator ON (operating mode), TJ = 25°C",{"symbol":137,"name":138,"typicalValue":139,"minValue":46,"unit":109,"testCondition":140},"IO_max","Maximum Continuous Output Current","3.0","4.5 V \u003C= VIN \u003C= 40 V, TJ \u003C= 125°C with adequate heatsinking",{"symbol":142,"name":143,"typicalValue":144,"unit":145,"testCondition":146},"eta","Efficiency","82","%","VIN = 12 V, VOUT = 5 V, IOUT = 3 A, TJ = 25°C",[148,153,157,162],{"title":149,"severity":150,"description":151,"mitigationStrategy":152},"Mandatory Fast Schottky Catch Diode","critical","The LM2596 requires a fast-recovery Schottky diode (such as 1N5822, B340A, or MBR360) across Pin 2 (OUTPUT) and ground. Using a standard slow silicon rectifier (such as 1N4001 or 1N5408) leads to excessive reverse-recovery losses, overheating, severe inductive voltage overshoot on Pin 2 during switch turn-off, and catastrophic destruction of the internal NPN switch.","Always specify a Schottky diode rated for at least 3A continuous average forward current (such as 1N5822 or SS34) and a reverse voltage rating of at least 1.25 times the maximum input voltage. For 24V or 36V input supplies, use a 40V or 60V Schottky barrier rectifier with ultra-short reverse recovery time (trr \u003C 10 ns).",{"title":154,"severity":150,"description":155,"mitigationStrategy":156},"Critical High-Frequency Switching Ground Loop","The high-current AC switching loop consists of the input filter capacitor CIN, the internal switch (Pin 1 to Pin 2), the external Schottky catch diode, and the ground terminal (Pin 3). Because switching currents change at rates up to 3A in under 50 nanoseconds, stray PCB trace inductance creates high-frequency ringing, voltage spikes exceeding the 45V absolute maximum, and electromagnetic interference (EMI).","Route the input capacitor ground, Schottky diode anode, and LM2596 GND pin to a single ground point using wide, low-impedance copper pours. Keep traces between Pin 2, diode cathode, and inductor node as short as physically possible. Separate the high-current power ground from the quiet feedback node and connect them only at the output ground star point.",{"title":158,"severity":159,"description":160,"mitigationStrategy":161},"Output Filter Capacitor ESR Stability Boundary","warning","The LM2596 internal voltage-mode compensation relies on the equivalent series resistance (ESR) of the output filter capacitor to provide an essential zero in the loop transfer function. Placing an ultra-low ESR ceramic capacitor (ESR \u003C 10 mΩ) directly as the sole output capacitor without damping degrades phase margin, causing control loop instability, output ripple burst oscillations, and audible inductor whine.","Use low-ESR aluminum electrolytic capacitors (such as Panasonic HFQ\u002FFC or Nichicon PL series, typically 180 µF to 680 µF with ESR between 30 mΩ and 150 mΩ) for COUT. If ceramic output capacitors are desired, place a small series damping resistor (0.05 Ω to 0.1 Ω) or parallel a 100 nF ceramic capacitor alongside a bulk electrolytic capacitor.",{"title":163,"severity":159,"description":164,"mitigationStrategy":165},"Internal Switch Power Dissipation at Continuous 3A Load","The internal bipolar NPN power switch exhibits a saturation voltage of approximately 1.16V to 1.4V at 3A load. At full load and moderate duty cycles, the internal switch dissipates between 2W and 3.5W as pure heat. In free air without a heatsink, the TO-220 package (thermal resistance θJA = 32°C\u002FW) will experience a junction temperature rise of ΔTJ = 3.5W × 32°C\u002FW = 112°C above ambient, triggering thermal shutdown (TJ > 150°C).","Calculate device dissipation PD = (VO × IO × VSAT) \u002F VIN + (IQ × VIN) + switching losses. Mount the TO-220 package to an external aluminum heatsink with thermal grease (thermal resistance \u003C= 10°C\u002FW for 3A continuous output), or provide at least 2 square inches of 2-oz copper plane around the TO-263 tab.",[167],{"title":168,"url":17,"type":169,"authority":170,"publisher":22,"documentNumber":171,"revision":172,"releaseDate":173,"language":174},"LM2596 SIMPLE SWITCHER® Power Converter 150-kHz 3-A Step-Down Voltage Regulator","datasheet","primary","SNVS124G","Rev. G","2023-03","EN",[176],{"title":177,"schematicSlug":178,"topology":179},"LM2596 Step-Down Buck Converter (5V \u002F 3A)","lm2596-step-down-buck-converter","Buck (Step-Down) Switching Regulator",[],[],{"canonicalUrl":183,"metaTitle":184,"metaDescription":185,"primarySearchCluster":186,"structuredDataSchema":191},"https:\u002F\u002Fcircuitbase.tech\u002Fcomponent\u002Flm2596","LM2596 3A Buck Regulator Pinout & Specs | CircuitBase","Texas Instruments LM2596 150kHz 3A step-down regulator specifications, 40V input limit, pinout, Schottky catch diode selection, and thermal heatsink design gotchas.",[187,188,189,190],"lm2596 pinout","lm2596 datasheet","lm2596 buck converter","lm2596 step down regulator","Product",null,[194,209,221,237],{"id":195,"slug":195,"mpn":196,"primaryCategory":20,"manufacturers":197,"shortDescription":200,"packages":201,"packageTypes":206,"voltage":207},"lm7805","LM7805",[22,198,199],"STMicroelectronics","onsemi","5 V, 1.5 A fixed positive linear voltage regulator with internal current limiting and thermal shutdown, in TO-220 and D2PAK packages.",[202,204],{"packageType":203,"pinCount":46},"TO-220",{"packageType":205,"pinCount":46},"D2PAK",[203,205],{"context":208,"min":-1,"max":-1,"typical":-1,"outputTypical":29},"input",{"id":210,"slug":210,"mpn":211,"primaryCategory":20,"manufacturers":212,"shortDescription":213,"packages":214,"packageTypes":217,"voltage":218,"recommendedOperating":220},"tl431","TL431LP",[22],"Adjustable precision shunt regulator with programmable output voltage from 2.495V to 36V, 1mA to 100mA cathode current capability, and 0.2Ω typical dynamic impedance in a 3-pin TO-92 package.",[215],{"packageType":216,"pinCount":46},"TO-92",[216],{"context":208,"min":219,"max":61,"typical":219},2.495,{"supplyVoltageMinV":219,"supplyVoltageTypV":219,"supplyVoltageMaxV":61},{"id":222,"slug":222,"mpn":223,"primaryCategory":20,"manufacturers":224,"shortDescription":227,"packages":228,"packageTypes":231,"voltage":232,"recommendedOperating":236},"ams1117-3-3","AMS1117-3.3",[225,226],"Advanced Monolithic Systems","Various","1A low-dropout positive linear voltage regulator with fixed 3.3V output in SOT-223 package.",[229],{"packageType":230,"pinCount":51},"SOT-223",[230],{"context":208,"min":233,"max":234,"typical":29,"outputTypical":235},4.75,15,3.3,{"supplyVoltageMinV":233,"supplyVoltageTypV":29,"supplyVoltageMaxV":234},{"id":238,"slug":238,"mpn":239,"primaryCategory":20,"manufacturers":240,"shortDescription":241,"packages":242,"packageTypes":244,"voltage":-1},"lm317","LM317T",[198],"Adjustable 1.2V to 37V positive linear voltage regulator capable of supplying in excess of 1.5A in a TO-220 package with ADJ-OUT-IN pinout and internal thermal protection.",[243],{"packageType":203,"pinCount":46},[203],{},1793836423310]